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. 2022 Oct 26;6(1):1–20. doi: 10.1007/s42413-022-00184-4

Table 4.

PERMA model estimates (items)

Items Standardized Estimate SE p
value .60 .01  < .001
belong .60 .01  < .001
reenroll .54 .02  < .001
welcome .91 .01  < .001
safe secure .77 .01  < .001
class climate .63 .02  < .001
major climate .59 .02  < .001
campus climate .73 .01  < .001
more work .27 .02  < .001
communicate .32 .02  < .001
activity .20 .02  < .001
study group .83 .01  < .001
project .70 .01  < .001
help classmate .85 .01  < .001
letter .18 .02  < .001
name .29 .02  < .001
faculty advice .88 .01  < .001
school advice .78 .01  < .001
department advice .78 .01  < .001
instruct .57 .01  < .001
friends .06 .03 .014
family .08 .03 .002
spirit .45 .02  < .001
entertain .60 .02  < .001
community service .74 .02  < .001
club .55 .02  < .001
best work .59 .02  < .001
earn A .40 .02  < .001
class .22 .03  < .001
study .31 .03  < .001
hard class .43 .03  < .001
work hard .50 .03  < .001