Table 1.
Study population.
| Preterm | Full term | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||
| Males (%) | 31 (60) | 21 (38) | 0.02 |
| Age at dental examination (months) | |||
| Median (range) | 32 (19–52) | 38 (18–51) | p < 0.03 |
| Mean ± S.D | 33 ± 9 | 37 ± 8 | |
| Mode of delivery | |||
| Vaginaly (%) | 11 (21) | 50 (91) | 0.00 |
| Gestation age (week) | |||
| Median (range) | 29 (24–31) | 40 (38–42) | 0.00 |
| Mean ± S.D | 29 ± 2.0 | 40 ± 1.1 | |
| Birth weight (grams) | |||
| Median (range) | 1198 ± 361 | 3,275 (2120–4500) | 0.00 |
| Mean ± S.D | 1,175 (480–1890) | 3266 ± 443 | |
| Multiple pregnancy, (Yes,%) | 24 (47) | 0 (0) | 0.00 |
| Intubation at birth (Yes,%) | 13 (25) | No intubation | NA |
| Intubation duration (days) | |||
| Median (range) | 1 (0–61) | No intubation | NA |
| Mean ± S.D | 3.94 ± 9.1 | ||
| Non-invasive ventilation (days) | |||
| Median (range) | 6 (0–91) | No intubation | NA |
| Mean ± S.D | 14.2 ± 20.5 | ||
| RDS (Yes,%) | 25 (49) | 0 | NA |
| Surfactant administration (Yes,%) | 27 (53) | 0 | NA |
| BDP (Yes,%) | 32 (63) | 0 | NA |
| PDA (Yes,%) | 39 (76) | 0 | NA |
| Sepsis (Yes,%) | 4 (8) | 0 | NA |
| IVH (Yes.%) | 36 (71) | 0 | NA |
| NEC (Yes,%) | 5 (10) | 0 | NA |
| Highest bilirubin level | |||
| Median (range) | 8.9 (4–16) | NA | NA |
| Hospitalization days | |||
| Median (range) | 65 (30–273) | NA | NA |
| Treatment for metabolic bone disease of prematurity (Yes, %) | |||
| 7 (14) | 0 | NA | |
| VP shunt (Yes,%) | 3 (6) | 0 | NA |
| PVL (Yes,%) | 4 (8) | 0 | NA |
| Seizure during hospitalization (Yes,%) | 3 (6) | 0 | NA |
| Retinopathy of prematurity (Yes,%) | 5 (10) | 0 | NA |
RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; BDP, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; VP, ventriculoperitoneal; PVL, periventricular leukomalacia; NA, non-applicable.