Algorithm 1 The proposed vector-ODIT procedure for PQD classification

1:Input:$k,s,\alpha ,\{{\mathcal{X}}_{N_0}^0,\cdots ,{\mathcal{X}}_{N_Q}^Q\},\{h_1,\cdots ,h_Q\}$ 2:Initialize:$\Delta \leftarrow {\mathbf{0}}^{Q\times 1},n\leftarrow 0$ 3:Training phase: 4:Clean datasets according to (8). 5:Test phase: 6:while${\Delta }_n^q<h_q,\forall q\in \mathcal{Q}$do 7:     $n\leftarrow n+1$ 8:    Obtain new voltage observation $z_n$, compute distortion value $y_n$, and compute features ${\mathit{x}}_n$ of Table 1. 9:     For each $q\in \mathcal{Q}$, compute $D_n^q$ and ${\Delta }_n^q$ as in Equations (12) and (13). 10:Declare PQD at time n and identify the type as q for which ${\Delta }_n^q\ge h_q$.