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. 2022 Oct 19;48(6):212. doi: 10.3892/or.2022.8427

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Copyright: © Gao et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Figure 3. — Surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the most commonly used treatment for EC, even though development of resistance to the drugs and radiation is an obstacle encountered in the treatment of EC. (A) circ_0001860 expression is upregulated in EC cells following MPA treatment, and circ_0001860 subsequently binds to miR-520h and regulates the expression and activity of Smad7, thereby inhibiting phosphorylation of Smad2/3, leading to the formation of the Smad2/3/4 complex, nuclear translocation of this complex and enhanced E-cadherin expression. Subsequently, increased E-cadherin expression can inhibit the progression of EC via EMT. (B) circ_0001610 can upregulate cyclin B1 expression by endogenously competing with miR-139-5p binding. Cyclin B1 is a vital promoter of radiation resistance in EC by regulating the cell cycle. Solid arrows indicate that the next step is the result of the previous step. The dashed arrow indicates external intervention. The solid round head indicates adjustment. Blue lines indicate circRNAs acting as miRNA sponges. circ, circular RNA; EC, endometrial carcinoma; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition; EXOs, exosomes; miR, microRNA; MPA, medroxyprogesterone acetate; P, phosphate group; TAM, tumor-associated macrophage.