Table 3.
EAR rate of each antivenom and severity grading of EARs.
| Types of AV Used (Quantity Given) | Frequency of AV Administration | EAR Rate (%) |
Grading of EARs, N (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Doses Given N (%) |
No. of Doses That Incurred EARs (N) | Mild | Moderate | Severe | ||
| Hematotoxic AV: | ||||||
| GPV (3860 vials) | 341 (29.5) | 39 | 11.4 | 14 (4.1) | 24 (7.0) | 1 (0.3) |
| MPV (3071 vials) | 283 (24.5) | 63 | 22.3 | 24 (8.5) | 24 (8.5) | 15 (5.3) |
| RV (1019 vials) | 68 (5.9) | 2 | 2.9 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.9) |
| HPAV (1516 vials) | 146 (12.6) | 22 | 15.1 | 7 (4.8) | 10 (6.8) | 5 (3.4) |
| Total (9466 vials) | 838 (72.5) | 126 | 15.0 | 45 (5.4) | 58 (6.9) | 23 (2.7) |
| Neurotoxic AV: | ||||||
| Cobra (2754 vials) | 213 (18.4) | 31 | 14.6 | 17 (8.0) | 11 (5.2) | 3 (1.4) |
| MK (400 vials) | 26 (2.2) | 3 | 11.5 | 2 (7.7) | 1 (3.8) | 0 (0) |
| KC (164 vials) | 7 (0.6) | 1 | 14.3 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (14.3) |
| NPAV (888 vials) | 73 (6.3) | 12 | 16.4 | 6 (8.2) | 3 (4.1) | 3 (4.1) |
| Total (4206 vials) | 319 (27.5) | 47 | 14.7 | 25 (7.8) | 15 (4.7) | 7 (2.2) |
|
Overall Total
(13,672 vials) |
1157 (100) | 173 | 15.0 | 70 (6.1) | 73 (6.3) | 30 (2.6) |
AV; antivenom(s), EARs; early adverse reactions, N; number of doses of AV, GPV; green pit viper, MPV; Malayan pit viper, RV; Russell’s viper, HPAV; hemato polyvalent antivenom, MK; Malayan krait, KC; king cobra, NPAV; neuro polyvalent antivenom.