Table 3.

Mediation effect of the DII on the association between reported breakfast and BMI.

	N	Direct Effect	Mediated (Indirect) Effect	Total Effect (Exposure to Outcome)	Proportion Mediated (%)
Reported breakfast in both recalls	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Reported breakfast in one recall	3828	0.64 ***	0.21 *	0.85 ***	24.71
Reported breakfast in no recalls	1444	1.01 ***	0.38 *	1.39 ***	27.34

Notes: Exposure: Reported breakfast; Outcome: BMI; Mediator: DII. Model adjusted for Sex, Age, Race, Education status, Marital status, Income status, Smoking status, Physical activity, Diabetes, and Energy intake. * p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001.