Table 1.
Studies included in this review that explore the application of virtual reality to measurements of posture.
| Study Authors | Study Size | Study Groups | Study Type | Measure | VR Device | VR Environment | Source of Postural Data |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jurkojć et al., 2017 [13] | 23 | 1. Healthy volunteers | Exploratory | COP velocity COP sway area |
Oculus Rift | Complex 3D scenery | Force plate |
| Cesaroni et al., 2019 [14] | 2630 | 1. Healthy volunteers 2. Vestibular migraine |
Cross-sectional | COP sway area COP velocity LOS |
BRU VR | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Ghiringhelli et al., 2011 [15] | 50 | 1. Healthy volunteers | Exploratory | COP velocity COP sway area LOS |
BRU VR | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Marchetto et al., 2019 [16] | 10 | 1. Healthy volunteers | Exploratory | COP velocity COP sway area Head angular velocity |
Oculus Rift | Complex 3D scenery | 1. Force plate 2. HMD |
| Wittstein et al., 2020 [17] | 20 | 1. Healthy volunteers | Exploratory | COP velocity COP sway area A-P; M-L; SOT VR SOT |
HTC VIVE | Complex 3D scenery | Force plate |
| Gazzola et al. 2019 [18] | 76 | 1. Healthy volunteers 2. Vestibular disorder (unspecified) |
Cross-sectional | COP velocity COP sway area LOS |
BRU VR | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Altin et al., 2020 [19] | 30 | 1. Healthy volunteers | Exploratory | SOT Adaptation Test (ADT) |
Oculus Rift | Complex 3D scenery | Force-plate |
| Macedo et al., 2014 [20] | 123 | Older people with chronic vestibular dysfunction | Cross-sectional | COP sway area COP velocity |
BRU VR | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Lee et al., 2004 [21] | 30 | 1. Healthy volunteers (children) | Exploratory | COP sway area, direction | i-glasses SVGA | Complex 2D scenery | Force plate |
| Tossavainen et al. 2001 [22] | 30 | 1. Healthy volunteers | Exploratory | COP length | Virtual Research V8 | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Tossavainen et al., 2003 [23] | 22 | 1. Healthy volunteers | Exploratory | COP velocity | Virtual Research V8 | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Tossavainen et al., 2006 [24] | 110 | 1. Healthy volunteers 2. Meniere’s disease |
Cross-sectional | Vertical force power fraction (VFPF) COP velocity |
Virtual Research V8 | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Monteiro et al., 2012 [25] | 90 | 1. Healthy volunteers 2. BPPV |
Cross-sectional | COP sway area COP velocity |
BRU VR | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Kessler et al., 2011 [26] | 104 | 1. Healthy volunteers 2. Multiple sclerosis |
Cross-sectional | COP sway area COP velocity |
BRU VR | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Cusin et al., 2010 [27] | 70 | 1. Healthy volunteers 2. Meniere’s disease |
Cross-sectional | COP sway area COP velocity |
BRU VR | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Duque et al., 2013 [28] | 90 | Older people with a history of falls | Experimental | COP sway area COP velocity |
BRU VR | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Alahmari et al., 2014 [29] | 90 | 1. Healthy volunteers 2. Vestibular disorder |
Cross-sectional | COP sway area COP velocity |
BRU VR | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Kasse et al., 2010 [30] | 20 | 1. BPPV | Experimental | COP sway area COP velocity |
BRU VR | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Lanca et al., 2013 [31] | 23 | 1. BPPV | Experimental | COP sway area COP velocity |
BRU VR | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Kasse et al., 2010 [30] | 66 | 1. BPPV 2. Healthy volunteers |
Experimental | COP sway area COP velocity |
BRU VR | Optokinetic | Force plate |
| Suarez et al., 2006 [32] | 26 | Older people with a history of falls | Experimental | COP sway area COP velocity |
BRU VR | Optokinetic | Force plate |