Table 2.
Overview of TPC, TFC and antioxidant capacity values measured for Hypericum extracts.
| Assay | HAA | HAM | HPA | HPM | HRA | HRM | Reference/ Control |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
TPC
(mg GAE/g) |
187.04 ± 6.64 bB |
159.66 ± 4.34 aB |
147.46 ± 5.09 aA |
140.44 ± 4.51 aA |
141.57 ± 3.63 aA |
134.55 ± 3.63 aA |
Gallic acid - |
|
TFC
(mg RE/g) |
78.08 ± 1.32 aC |
100.17 ± 1.27 bC |
47.01 ± 0.86 bA |
39.42 ± 0.59 aA |
55.36 ± 1.39 aB |
75.95 ± 0.74 bB |
Rutin - |
|
TEAC
(μg TE/g) |
257.83 ± 4.21 aA |
255.48 ± 4.41 aA |
253.93 ± 3.40 aA |
259.04 ± 4.19 aA |
253.70 ± 3.24 aA |
303.29 ± 4.76 bB |
Trolox 72.93 ± 0.56 * |
|
FRAP
(μg TE/g) |
433.47 ± 2.04 aC |
524.93 ± 9.16 bC |
394.71 ± 13.44 bB |
316.96 ± 7.97 aA |
346.30 ± 8.52 aA |
487.26 ± 10.16 bB |
Trolox 120.85 ± 0.88 * |
|
DPPH
(μg TE/g) |
196.75 ± 0.79 aB |
225.05 ± 4.31 bB |
204.84 ± 4.66 aB |
197.78 ± 3.79 aA |
187.19 ± 1.29 aA |
255.76 ± 4.69 bC |
Trolox 58.85 ± 0.48 * |
|
TBARS
(μg/mL) |
3.05 ± 0.01 aA |
4.44 ± 0.04 bA |
9.71 ± 0.09 aC |
10.35 ± 0.03 bC |
6.36 ± 0.03 aB |
8.79 ± 0.01 bB |
Trolox 11.85 ± 0.03 * |
|
OxHLIA
(μg/mL) |
21.40 ± 0.52 bB* |
19.30 ± 0.70 aB |
8.57 ± 0.36 aA |
8.46 ± 0.29 aA |
7.77 ± 0.20 aA |
8.57 ± 0.37 bA |
Trolox 21.72 ± 0.65 * |
Statistical differences were assessed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s HSD post hoc test (α = 0.05); lower-case letters indicate significant differences among extraction methods within the same species, whereas upper-case letters indicate significant differences among species within the same extraction method. The presence of asterisks (*) indicates statistical differences between reference compound and every extraction method according to Student’s t-test (α = 0.05). HAA (H. alpigenum MSA extraction), HAM (H. alpigenum maceration), HPA (H. perforatum MSA extraction), HPM (H. perforatum maceration), HRA (H. rochelii MSA extraction), HRM (H. rochelii maceration).