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. 2022 Oct 12;14(20):4273. doi: 10.3390/polym14204273

Table 7.

Summary of the functionalization of cotton fabrics with mixtures of nanoparticles and their applications.

Nanomaterial NPs Size Synthesis Method Application Method Functionality Applications Ref
Year
ZnO/TiO2NPs n.a Sol-gel Pad-dry-cure Antimicrobial activity, UV protection, and self-cleaning Various household industrial and medical applications [99]
2018
Ag/CuNPs 61 nm In situ generation using Aloe vera leaf extract Immersion, drying Antibacterial activity Dressing, wound healing, packaging, and medical applications [100]
2018
Ag/CuNPs 80–90 nm
Average size 100 nm		 In situ method using aqueous red sand extracts Dip coating Antibacterial activity Antibacterial bed and dressing materials [101]
2019
Ag/TiO2NPs Anatase 34 nm and rutile 39 nm for Ag/TiO2 Photo-assisted deposition (PAD) Dip coating Antimicrobial activity and self-cleaning Footwear application [102]
2019
Ag/ZnO/CuNPs FPEI 50 nm
PMC 24 nm		 Chemical synthesis Immersion, Pad-dry-cure Antibacterial activity, UV protection, and conductivity properties Upholster beds, underwear, and protective clothing [103]
2019
Ag/ZnO/TiO2NPs Silver colloidal (15.79–97.75 nm)
TiO2 (9–14 nm)
ZnO (13–20 nm)		 Chemical synthesis Immersion Photocatalytic and antibacterial activities Hospital and sportswear [104]
2020
Ag/ZnONPs Ag 15 nm
ZnO 30 nm		 Chemical precipitation Immersion, drying Hydrophobicity, UV resistance, antibacterial, and anti-mildew activity Protective clothing [105]
2020
TiO2/SiO2NPs n.a - Immersion, pad-dry-cure Self-cleaning Self-cleaning textile [106]
2020
Ag/TiO2NPs 1.3 ± 0.4 nm
and 27.6 ± 9.9 nm		 Sonochemistry method - Antimicrobial and antiviral activities Protective and medical applications [107]
2021