Table 3.
Summary of clinical trials of monotherapy and combination therapy of oncolytic viruses.
| Oncolytic virus | Combination therapy | Cancer | Dosage | Clinical phase | Clinical trial No | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adenovirus | Ad-p53 | Nivolumab or Pembrolizumab | Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas; Colorectal Cancer; Hepatocellular Carcinoma | 5 x 1011
VP single dose |
I/II |
NCT02842125 NCT03004183 |
| Ad-CEA | Avelumab | Colorectal Cancer | 1 x1011
VP 6 doses |
II | NCT03050814 | |
| Ad-MAGEA3 | Pembrolizumab | Non-Small Cell Lung | 2 x1011
VP single dose |
II | NCT02879760 | |
| ONCOS-102 | Pembrolizumab | Melanoma | 3 x1011
VP 3 doses |
I | NCT03003676 | |
| LOAd703 | Atezolizumab | Malignant Melanoma | 1 x109
VP 12 doses |
I/II | NCT04123470 | |
| Ad-TK | Pembrolizumab/ valacyclovir33/SBRT |
Non-small Cell Llung Cancer; Triple-negative Breast Cancer | 5 x 1011
VP single dose |
II | NCT03004183 | |
| H101 | Camrelizumab | Recurrent Cervical Cancer | 1.5 x1012
VP 2-6 doses |
II | NCT05234905 | |
| CG0070 | Bladder Cancer | 1 x1012
VP 3-9 doses |
II | NCT02365818 | ||
| Herpes simplex virus | T-VEC | Pembrolizumab | Melanoma | 1×108
PFU |
III | NCT02263508 |
| OH2 | Pancreatic Cancer | 1×107
CCID50 6 dose |
I/II | NCT04637698 | ||
| T-VEC | Nivolumab/Trabectedin | Sarcoma | 1×107
PFU |
II | NCT03886311 | |
| HF10 | Ipilimumab | Metastatic Melanoma | 1×107
TCID50 6 doses |
II | NCT03153085 | |
| OrienX010 | Pembrolizumab | Melanoma | 3 × 1011
VP 3 doses |
I | NCT03003676 | |
| OH2 | Advanced Bladder Cancer | 1×107
CCID50 single dose |
II | NCT05248789 | ||
| Newcastle disease virus | MEDI5395 | Durvaluma | Advanced solid tumor | dose-expansion study to assess the safety | I | NCT03889275 |
| Vaccinia virus | MVA-p53 | Pembrolizumab | Solid tumor | 5.6 × 108
PFU 3 doses |
I | NCT02432963 |
| JX-594 | Metastatic Hepatic Carcinoma | 1×108-3×108
PFU single dose |
I | NCT00629759 | ||
| TG4010 | Nivolumab | Non-small cell lung cancer | 1×108
PFU single dose |
II | NCT02823990 | |
| Pexa-Vec (JX-594) | Tremelimumab/ durvalumab |
Refractory Colorectal cancer | 3 × 108
PFU 4 doses |
I/II | NCT03206073 | |
| Ipilimumab | Advanced solid tumor | 1×109
PFU 5 doses |
I | NCT02977156 | ||
| Sorafenib | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | 1 × 109
PFU 3 doses |
III | NCT02562755 | ||
| Olvi-Vec | Bevacizumab/ cisplatin |
Ovarian Cancer | 1×109
PFU single dose |
III | NCT05281471 | |
| TBio-6517 (Rival-01) | Pembrolizumab | Solid tumor, Colorectal cancer |
multiple doses | I/II | NCT04301011 | |
| OVV-01 | Advanced Solid Tumors | 1 × 1012
VP single dose |
I | NCT04787003 | ||
| Vesicular stomatitis virus | VSV-IFNβ-NIS | Pembrolizumab | Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Neuroendocrine Carcinoma |
5×1010
TCID50 single dose |
II | NCT03647163 |
| Reovirus | Reolysin | Pembrolizumab | Advanced pancreatic | 4.5 × 1010
TCID50 |
II | NCT03723915 |
| Atezolizumab | Breast | 4.5 × 1010 TCID50 4 doses |
I | NCT04102618 | ||
| Sarcomas Metastatic to the Lung | 3×1010
TCID50 5 doses |
II | NCT00503295 |
VP, Virus Particle; TCID50, Median Tissue Culture Infectious Dose; PFU, Plaque Forming Unit; CCID50: Cell Culture Infectious Dose 50%.