Table 8.
Molecular regulatory mechanism of few biological activities of Cajanus cajan.
| S. No. | Biological Activity | Isolated Compounds/Extracts | Biological Activity | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hypocholesterolemic | Methanolic extract | ↑ LDRL; ↓PCSK9 mRNA | [49] |
| 2 | Antidepressant | Cajanin stilbene acid | ↓ Kynurenine pathway | [50] |
| 3 | Neuroprotective | AgNP | ↑ Proline; ↑ Glyoxalase; ↑ Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase gene. | [51] |
| 4 | Antidepressant | Fluoride exposure | ↓ Growth and membrane stability index; ↑ Reactive oxygen species; ↑ Malondialdehyde; ↑ Glutathione; ↑ Lipoxygenase. | [51] |
| 5 | Antioxidant | Hexane extract | ↓ AChE; ↓ BChE; ↓ α-AMYLASE; ↓ α-glucosidase. | [52] |
| 6 | Antidiabetic | Methanolic extract | ↓ Fasting blood sugar | [53] |
| 7 | Anticancer | Betulinic acid, genistin, orientin and vitexin | ↓ Inhibit the Histone deacetylases enzyme | [54] |
| 8 | Antimitotic | - | ↓ Decrease the percentage of Sea urchin embryonic cells | [55] |
| 9 | Anticancer | Cajanin stilbene acid | ↓ Inhibit several human kinases, ↓ serine/threonine-protein kinase WNK3 | [56] |
LDRL = Low density lipoprotein receptor; PCSK9 = Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kesin type 9; AgNP = Silver nanoparticles; AChE = Acetyl cholinesterase; BChE = Butyryl cholinesterase; ↑: Increased; ↓: Decreased.