. 2022 Oct 14;7(42):37943–37953. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05105

Table 2. Inhibition Zones (Diameter, cm) of Essential Oils (EOs), and Volatile Components of Essential Oils (VEO) (Mean ± SD).

	Penicillium carneum DDS4				Aspergillus flavus DDS6				Aspergillus niger DDS7
	EO		VEO		EO		VEO		EO		VEO
EOs^§	3rd day	6th day	3rd day	6th day	3rd day	6th day	3rd day	6th day	3rd day	6th day	3rd day	6th day
BPEO	4.7 ± 0.3^c	NE^e	2.3 ± 0.3^c	1.6 ± 0.6^c	NE^e,^*	NE^d	NE^d	NE^c	0.9 ± 0.1^d	0.8 ± 0.14^d	NE^c,^#	NE^c
CEO	6.8 ± 0.1^b	7.0 ± 0.4^b	4.2 ± 1.0^b	3.0 ± 0.4^b	3.9 ± 0.1^c	3.9 ± 0.1^b	2.2 ± 0.5^c	1.7 ± 0.3^b	3.8 ± 0.4^c	2.7 ± 0.2^c	1.6 ± 0.3^b	0.7 ± 0.2^b
CLEO	7.3 ± 0.1^b	7.3 ± 0.1^b	3.9 ± 0.0^b	3.0 ± 0.6^b	4.3 ± 0.5^c	4.6 ± 0.6^b	2.5 ± 0.0^c	2.0 ± 0.2^b	4.1 ± 0.1^c	3.8 ± 0.1^b	2.1 ± 0.0^b	0.9 ± 0.0^b
CUEO	>9^a,^#	3.7 ± 1.06^c	>9^a	>9^a	>9^a³	1.6 ± 0.7^c	>9^a	NE^c	6.6 ± 0.3^b	1.0 ± 0.3^d	NE^c	NE^c
GEO	1.7 ± 0.5^d	1.2 ± 0.3^d	NE^d	NE^d	NE^d	NE^d	NE^d	NE^c	NE^d	NE^e	NE^c	NE^c
OEO	>9^a	>9^a	>9^a	>9^a	7.5 ± 0.4^b	>9^a	5.3 ± 0.6^b	4.7 ± 0.6^a	>9^a	>9^a	6.3 ± 0.6^a	6.2 ± 0.8^a

NE: Noninhibitory effect.

>9: Strong inhibition effect. No growth has been detected.

^a–e

Values within the same column with different superscript small letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).

^§

BPEO: black pepper essential oil, CEO: cinnamon essential oil, CLEO: clove essential oil, CUEO: cumin essential oil, GEO: ginger essential oil, OEO: origanum essential oil.