Table 2.

Key questions to inform an update of recommendations by the Task Force on prostate cancer screening in adults aged 18 years and older

Key questions
KQ1	What are the benefits and harms of prostate cancer screening? a) Do the benefits and harms differ by screening modalities (i.e., PSA alone, DRE alone, or PSA+DRE)? b) In screening with PSA, do benefits and harms differ by PSA threshold value? c) Do the benefits and harms differ by age group (<55 years, 55–69 years, ≥70 years)? d) Do the benefits and harms differ by other risk factors such as race/ethnicity and/or family history?
KQ2	What are the benefits and harms of incorporating additional information (e.g., risk stratification, MRI) into clinical decision making following an elevated PSA test?
KQ3	What are the benefits and harms of treatment strategies for screen-detected prostate cancer?
KQ4	What are patients’ values and preferences for screening for prostate cancer?