Table 5.
Associations between added sugar, SSBs, ASBs, and the risk of cardiovascular outcomes in the random-effects network meta-analyses.
| RR (95% CI) 1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incident Cardiovascular Disease | Cardiovascular Mortality | Coronary Heart Disease | Stroke | |
| ASB | 1.21 (0.98–1.50) n = 2 |
1.26 (1.08–1.46) * n = 6 |
1.06 (0.95, 1.19) n = 4 |
1.19 (1.04, 1.36) * n = 5 |
| SSB | 1.14 (1.00–1.31) * n = 4 |
1.21 (1.07–1.36) * n = 10 |
1.17 (1.07–1.28) * n = 10 |
1.13 (1.03, 1.22) * n = 12 |
| Added sugar | 1.08 (0.86–1.36) n = 1 |
1.12 (0.96–1.32) n = 8 |
1.22 (1.04–1.42) * n = 2 |
1.10 (0.92, 1.33) n = 2 |
| I-squared (p value) |
71.3% * (<0.01) |
62.4% * (<0.01) |
38.2% (0.09) |
43.6% * (0.03) |
Abbreviations: ASB, artificially sweetened beverages; RR, relative risk; SSB, sugar-sweetened beverages. 1 The network meta-analysis was performed using frequentist methods with a random effects model. The study effect sizes for the highest versus the lowest category of exposure were calculated. * p < 0.05.