| FTCs | freeze–thaw cycles |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide |
| CH4 | methane |
| DOC | dissolved organic carbon |
| NH4+-N | ammonium nitrogen |
| NO3−-N | nitrate nitrogen |
| RDA | redundancy analysis |
| NMDS | non-metric multidimensional scaling |
| PLS-DA | partial least squares discriminant analysis |
| FTCs | freeze–thaw cycles |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide |
| CH4 | methane |
| DOC | dissolved organic carbon |
| NH4+-N | ammonium nitrogen |
| NO3−-N | nitrate nitrogen |
| RDA | redundancy analysis |
| NMDS | non-metric multidimensional scaling |
| PLS-DA | partial least squares discriminant analysis |