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. 2022 Oct 13;11(20):2709. doi: 10.3390/plants11202709

Table 10.

The overview on the antioxidant activities in Alchemilla species.

Species Plant Part/Extract Antioxidant Assay Antioxidant Effect References
A. acutiloba aerial parts,
60% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 18.69 µg/mL DE [40]
aerial parts,
60% methanol		 ABTS IC50 = 6.17 µg/mL DE
aerial parts,
60% methanol		 CHEL IC50 = 21.60 µg/mL DE
roots,
60% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 29.87 µg/mL DE
roots,
60% methanol		 ABTS IC50 = 14.29 µg/mL DE
roots,
60% methanol		 CHEL IC50 = 25.76 µg/mL DE
aerial parts,
butanol fraction		 DPPH IC50 = 8.96 µg/mL DE
aerial parts,
butanol fraction		 ABTS IC50 = 1.42 µg/mL DE
aerial parts,
butanol fraction		 CHEL IC50 = 11.43 µg/mL DE
roots,
butanol fraction		 DPPH IC50 = 12.08 µg/mL DE
roots,
butanol fraction		 ABTS IC50 = 8.78 µg/mL DE
roots,
butanol fraction		 CHEL IC50 = 12.33 µg/mL DE
aerial parts,
diethyl acetate fraction		 DPPH IC50 = 8.83 µg/mL DE
aerial parts,
diethyl acetate fraction		 ABTS IC50 = 6.54 µg/mL DE
aerial parts,
diethyl acetate fraction		 CHEL IC50 = 18.89 µg/mL DE
roots,
diethyl acetate fraction		 DPPH IC50 = 15.37 µg/mL DE
roots,
diethyl acetate fraction		 ABTS IC50 =10.39 µg/mL DE
roots,
diethyl acetate fraction		 CHEL IC50 = 19.30 µg/mL DE
aerial parts,
diethyl ether fraction		 DPPH IC50 = 41.46 µg/mL DE
aerial parts,
diethyl ether fraction		 ABTS IC50 = 16.28 µg/mL DE
aerial parts,
diethyl ether fraction		 CHEL IC50 = 25.51 µg/mL DE
roots,
diethyl ether fraction		 DPPH IC50 = 51.42 µg/mL DE
roots,
diethyl ether fraction		 ABTS IC50 = 24.82 µg/mL DE
roots,
diethyl ether fraction		 CHEL IC50 = 44.12 µg/mL DE
A. alpina aerial parts,
methanol		 DPPH % Inhibition = 45.4–94.4% [47]
A. arvensis leaves,
methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 97.72 µg/mL [48]
leaves,
hexane		 IC50 = 11.22 µg/mL
leaves,
acetone		 IC50 = 4.86 µg/mL
A. barbatiflora aerial parts,
methanol		 DPPH % Inhibition = 83.44–95.35% [25]
aerial parts,
hexane fraction		 % Inhibition = 18.6–59.62%
aerial parts,
chloroform fraction		 % Inhibition = 67.17–91.11%
aerial parts,
water fraction		 % Inhibition = 83.06–97.17%
aerial parts,
methanol		 SOD % Inhibition = 83.34–85.83%
aerial parts,
hexane fraction		 % Inhibition = 9.80%
aerial parts,
chloroform fraction		 % Inhibition = 12.84–42.73%
aerial parts,
water fraction		 % Inhibition = 81.07%
aerial parts,
methanol		 PRA Absorbance 0.932–1.280
aerial parts,
hexane fraction		 Absorbance 0.355–0.612
aerial parts,
chloroform fraction		 Absorbance 0.640–0.820
aerial parts,
water fraction		 Absorbance 1.158–1.516
aerial parts,
methanol		 FRAP 44.32 mg BHAE/g DE
aerial parts,
chloroform fraction		 15.76 mg BHAE/g DE
aerial parts,
water fraction		 93.46 mg BHAE/g DE
A. bulgarica aerial parts,
80% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 75.63 µg/mL [49]
A. crinita aerial parts,
80% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 46.03 µg/mL [49]
A. ellenbergiana aerial parts,
hexane		 DPPH IC50 = 7.1 µg/mL [50]
A. ellenbergiana aerial parts,
ethanol		 DPPH IC50 = 243.6 µg/mL [51]
aerial parts,
methanol		 IC50 = 243.1 µg/mL
A. erythropoda aerial parts,
80% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 30.67 µg/mL [50]
A. glabra aerial parts,
80% acetone in 0.2% formic acid		 ORAC IC50 = 1337 μmol TE/g [32]
TRAP IC50 = 1815 μmol TE/g
HORAC IC50 = 1999 μmol GAE/g
A. glabra aerial parts,
80% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 34.89 µg/mL [49]
A. glaucescens aerial parts,
80% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 36.10 µg/mL [49]
A. jumrukczalica leaves,
80% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 12.09 µg/mL [43]
A. mollis shoots grown in vitro on different nutrient media DPPH IC50 = 18.6–38.1 μg/mL [52]
leaves of ex vitro adapted plants in Bulgarian mountains Vitosha IC50 = 13.1 μg/mL
one year old in vivo plantsgrown in Bulgarian mountains Viotsha IC50 = 27.5 μg/mL
one year old in vivo plantsgrown in Bulgarian mountains Rhodopes IC50 = 22.2 μg/mL
A. mollis leaves,
50% ethanol		 DPPH IC50 = 42.4 μg/mL [53]
ABTS IC50 = 7.8 μg/mL
A. mollis aerial parts,
water		 DPPH IC50 = 0.264 mg/mL [54]
aerial parts,
deodorized water		 IC50 = 0.146 mg/mL
aerial parts,
50% methanol		 IC50 = 0.161 mg/mL
aerial parts,
water		 ABTS 0.90 mmol/L/Trolox
aerial parts,deodorized water 0.4 mmol/L/Trolox
aerial parts,50% methanol 0.4 mmol/L/Trolox
A. mollis aerial parts,
70% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 0.21 mg/mL [36]
aerial parts,water IC50 = 0.24 mg/mL
aerial parts,
70% methanol		 ABTS TEAC = 0.75 mmol/Trolox
aerial parts,water TEAC = 0.83 mmol/Trolox
aerial parts,hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, butanol, 70% methanol, water Inhibition of β-carotene/linoleic acid co-oxidation no data
A. mollis dry stalks,
aqueous ethanol		 FRAP TEAC = 382.78 mmol TE/g DW [55]
dry stalks,
aqueous ethanol		 CUPRAC TEAC = 363.79 mmol TE/g DW
dry stalks,
aqueous ethanol		 DPPH TEAC = 247.58 mmol TE/g DW
dry stalks,
aqueous ethanol		 ABTS TEAC = 308.44 mmol TE/g DW
A. mollis aerial parts,
methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 31.7 μg/mL [27]
aerial parts,
ethyl acetate fraction		 IC50 = 9.8 μg/mL
aerial parts,
petroleum fraction		 IC50 = > 200 μg/mL
aerial parts,
chloroform fraction		 IC50 = > 200 μg/mL
aerial parts,
water residue fraction		 IC50 = 42.5 μg/mL
A. persica aerial parts,
80% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 0.055 M [3]
roots,
80% methanol		 IC50 = 0.151 M
aerial parts,
80% methanol		 TBARS MDA = 5.9 nmol/mL
roots,
80% methanol		 MDA = 19.08 nmol/mL
A. monticola aerial parts,
80% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 32.72 μg/mL [49]
A. obtusa aerial parts,
80% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 26.35 μg/mL [49]
A. sericata aerial parts,
hexane		 DPPH IC50 = 185 μg/mL [56]
A. vulgaris leaves,
50% ethanol		 DPPH % Inhibition = 71.8% [57]
A. vulgaris aerial parts,
methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 5.40 µg/mL [58]
ABTS IC50 = 60.10 µg/mL
A. vulgaris aerial parts,
methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 5.96 µg/mL [11]
roots,
methanol		 IC50 = 11.86 µg/mL
aerial parts,
methanol		 ABTS IC50 = 14.80 µg/mL
roots,
methanol		 IC50 = 32.49 µg/mL
aerial parts,
methanol		 Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity IC50 = 13.06 µg/mL
roots,
methanol		 IC50 = 18.44 µg/mL
aerial parts,
methanol		 Inhibition of lipid peroxidation IC50 = 31.91 µg/mL
roots,
methanol		 IC50 = 475.13 µg/mL
aerial parts,
methanol		 Reducing power IC50 = 632.99 mg TE/g DE
roots,
methanol		 IC50 = 607.52 mg TE/g DE
aerial parts,
methanol		 Total antioxidant activity IC50 = 265.62 mg AA/g DE
roots,
methanol		 IC50 = 316.47 mg AA/g DE
A. vulgaris leaves,
80% ethanol		 DPPH % inhibition = 131.74% [37]
A. vulgaris roots,
50% ethanol		 TEAC 68.21 mmol TE/g DW [59]
FRAP 40.12 mmol TE/g DW
A. vulgaris aerial parts,
cyclohexane		 DPPH IC50 = 23.12 µg/mL [44]
A. vulgaris aerial parts,
80% methanol		 DPPH 153.30 mg TE/g DE [39]
ABTS 143.55 mg TE/g DE
CUPRAC 216.14 mg TE/g DE
PRAP 1.77 mmol TE/g DE
CHEL 42.58 mg EDTAE/g DE
FRAP 7899.45 mg AAE/g DE
aerial parts,
70% ethanol		 DPPH 95.99 mg TE/g DE
ABTS 119.62 mg TE/g DE
CUPRAC 203.53 mg TE/g DE
PRAP 1.57 mmol TE/g of DE
CHEL 42.32 mg EDTAE/g DE
FRAP 6405.75 mg AAE/g DE
aerial parts,
70% ethyl-acetate		 DPPH 502.56 mg TE/g DE
ABTS 174.05 mg TE/g DE
CUPRAC 283.16 mg TE/g DE
PRAP 2.22 mmol TE/g DE
CHEL 37.96 mg EDTAE/g DE
FRAP 8745.31 AAE/g DE
aerial parts,
water		 DPPH 89.25 mg TE/g DE
ABTS 37.50 mg TE/g DE
CUPRAC 78.56 mg TE/g DE
PRAP 0.53 mmol TE/g DE
CHEL 39.23 mg EDTAE/g DE
FRAP 3240.09 mg AAE/g DE
A. vulgaris aerial parts,
ethanol		 DPPH IC50 = 0.11 μg/mL [38]
aerial parts,
water		 IC50 = 27.22 μg/mL
aerial parts,
propylene glycolic		 IC50 = 2.88 μL/mL
A. vulgaris aerial parts,
70% ethanol		 DPPH 87.95% (at 3 mg/mL) and 80.71% (at 1.5 mg/mL) [31]
A. vulgaris leaves,
80% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 19.62 µg/mL [43]
A. xanthochlora aerial parts,
80% methanol		 DPPH IC50 = 41.78 µg/mL [49]
A. xanthochlora leaves,hexane TLC-DPPH analysis, DPPH no data [13]
leaves,
chloroform		 no data
leaves,
ethylacetate		 no data
leaves,
methanol		 no data
leaves,
water		 no data

DPPH, 2.2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging activity; ABTS, 2,2′-azinobis [3-ethylbenzthiazoline]-6-sulfonic acid decolorization assay; CHEL, metal chelating activity; DE, dry extract; SOD, superoxide radical scavenging; PRAP, phosphomolibdenum-reducing antioxidant power; FRAP, ferric-reducing antioxidant power; BHAE, butylated hydroxyanisole equivalents; ORAC, oxygen radical absorbance capacity; TE, Trolox equivalents; TRAP, total peroxyl-radical antioxidant parameter; HORAC, hydroxyl radical averting capacity; GAE, gallic acid equivalents; CUPRAC, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity; DW, dry weight; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay; MDA, malondialdehyde level; TEAC, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity; EDTAE, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid equivalent; AAE, ascorbic acid equivalents; no data—results on the figures, without values.