Table IV.
Clinical, trichoscopic and histopathological differences between patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) who are sunscreen users or non-users
| Patients with FFA (n = 101) | Sunscreen users (n = 84) | Sunscreen non-users (n = 17) | All patients | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female sex | 100% | 100% | 100% | – |
| Age range | 0.168 | |||
| 40–63 years | 47.6% (40/84) | 29.4% (5/17) | 44.6% (45/101) | |
| 64–84 years | 52.4% (44/84) | 70.6% (12/17) | 55.4% (56/101) | |
| Fitzpatrick’s skin phototype | 0.632 | |||
| I–II | 36.9% | 35.3% | 36.6% (37/101) | |
| III–VI | 58.3% | 64.7% | 59.4% (60/101) | |
| V–VI | 4.8% | 0% | 4.0% (4/101) | |
| Clinical data | ||||
| Pruritus | 73.8% (62/84) | 82.4% (14/17) | 75.2% (76/101) | 0.457 |
| Trichodynia | 17.9% (15/84) | 23.5% (4/17) | 18.8% (19/101) | 0.585 |
| Eyebrow alopecia | 83.3% (70/84) | 88.2% (15/17) | 84.2% (85/101) | 0.614 |
| Eyelash alopecia | 23.8% (20/84) | 41.2% (7/17) | 26.7% (27/101) | 0.140 |
| Upper limb alopecia | 86.9% (73/84) | 94.1% (16/17) | 88.1% (89/101) | 0.402 |
| Lower limb alopecia | 90.5% (76/84) | 100% (17/17) | 92.1% (93/101) | 0.185 |
| Axillary alopecia | 54.8% (46/84) | 64.7% (11/17) | 56.4% (57/101) | 0.451 |
| Pubic alopecia | 42.9% (36/84) | 41.2% (7/17) | 42.6% (43/101) | 0.898 |
| FFA grade | 0.962 | |||
| Mild (I–II) | 46.4% (39/84) | 47.1% (8/17) | 46.5% (47/101) | |
| Severe (III–V) | 53.6% (45/84) | 52.9% (9/17) | 53.5% (54/101) | |
| Actinic damage (including all of the subcategories below) | 70.2% (59/84) | 64.7% (11/17) | 69.3% (70/101) | 0.652 |
| Lentigines | 69.0% (58/84) | 64.7% (11/17) | 68.3% (59/101) | 0.726 |
| Actinic keratoses | 15.5% (13/84) | 23.5% (4/17) | 16.8% (17/101) | 0.418 |
| Basal cell carcinoma | 9.5% (8/84) | 11.8% (2/17) | 9.9% (10/101) | 0.778 |
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| Trichoscopy | ||||
| Perifollicular erythema | 83.3% (70/84) | 94.1% (16/17) | 85.1% (86/101) | 0.254 |
| Follicular hyperkeratosis | 91.7% (77/84) | 100% (17/17) | 93.1% (94/101) | 0.217 |
| Histopathology | ||||
| Sebaceous gland involvement (reduced or absent) | 78.2% (36/46) | 100% (6/6) | 80.8% (42/52) | 0.428 |
| Inflammatory infiltrate | 91.3% (42/46) | 100% (6/6) | 92.3% (48/52) | 0.452 |
| Inflammatory infiltrate involving infundibulum | 50% (23/46) | 60% (3/5) | 51% (26/51) | 0.671 |
| Inflammatory infiltrate involving isthmus | 58.7% (27/46) | 80% (4/5) | 60.8% (31/51) | 0.354 |
χ2 test was used to analyse these qualitative variables.