Table 1.

Recent examples of yield-related trait improvement using CRISPR/Cas9 in Brassica napus.

Trait	Target Gene	Arabidopsis Homolog	Mutant Phenotype	Reference
Flowering time	BnaSVP	Short Vegetative Phase (SVP)	40–50% decrease in time until flowering	[133]
Plant height, internode length and number of branches	BnD14	DWARF14 (D14)	34% reduction in plant height, 200% increase in branch number and 37% increase in total flowers per plant	[127]
Plant height and branch angle	BnaA03.BP	BREVIPEDICELLUS (BP)	~16% reduction in plant height and branch angle reduced from 84° to 14°	[134]
Pod shattering resistance	BnSHP1/BnSHP2 homeologs	SHATTERPROOF1/2	~10 times more resistant to pod shattering	[135]
Number of seeds per silique	BnaEOD3	ENHANCER3 OF DA1 (EOD3)	Shorter silique length and smaller seeds, but 42% increase of number of seeds per silique	[136]
Pod shattering resistance	BnJAG.A02, BnJAG.C02, BnJAG.C06, BnJAG.A07, BnJAG.A08	JAGGED (JAG)	2 times more resistant to pod shattering	[123]
Multilocular silique development	BnA04.CLV3, BnC04.CLV3, BnC02.CLV3	CLAVATA3 (CLV3)	74% increase in seed weight per silique	[126]
Plant height, primary branch number and silique number	BnaMAX1	More Axillary Growth (MAX)	~35% reduction in plant height, 3 times more primary branches and ~65% increase in total silique number	[137]