TABLE 3.

Spearman’s correlations between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and cognitive change within total physical activity groups (TPA) (n = 198).

		Total population (n = 198)				Aged ≥ 43 years (n = 147)				Aged < 43 years (n = 51)
		All	Low TPA (n = 99)	High TPA (n = 99)	p-diffa	All	Low TPA (n = 77)	High TPA (n = 70)	p-diffa	All	Low TPA (n = 22)	High TPA (n = 29)	p-diffa
Global cognition change	rho	–0.229**	–0.278**	–0.183	0.487	–0.123	–0.244*	–0.007	0.151	–0.105	–0.118	–0.099	0.949
	p	0.001	0.005	0.070		0.138	0.032	0.956		0.464	0.601	0.609
Fluid reasoning change	rho	–0.402***	–0.486***	–0.324**	0.177	–0.244**	–0.483***	0.002	0.002**	–0.088	–0.033	0.004	0.902
	p	<0.001	<0.001	0.001		0.003	<0.001	0.988		0.538	0.883	0.982
Processing speed change	rho	–0.319***	–0.412***	–0.223*	0.143	–0.190*	–0.419***	0.033	0.005**	–0.013	0.027	0.037	0.974
	p	<0.001	<0.001	0.027		0.021	<0.001	0.785		0.925	0.907	0.847
Memory change	rho	–0.118	–0.135	–0.099	0.800	–0.099	–0.130	–0.071	0.724	–0.099	–0.16	–0.011	0.618
	p	0.099	0.182	0.327		0.231	0.259	0.562		0.488	0.477	0.956
Vocabulary change	rho	–0.316***	–0.474***	–0.142	0.010**	–0.100	–0.306**	0.125	0.009**	–0.126	–0.117	–0.146	0.922
	p	<0.001	<0.001	0.162		0.230	0.007	0.303		0.377	0.604	0.450

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.

TPA, total physical activity; WMH, white matter hyperintensity.

^ap-diff values referred to the significance between low- versus high-PA group, which were calculated in MedCalc (Free trial) software: https://www.medcalc.org/. The dichotomous TPA groups were split by median TPA. Bold values indicate significant values (p < 0.05 or 0.1).