Figure 5.

The hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline concentrations were less induced in the BP-R2-inoculated Arabidopsis plants under salt and drought stresses. The H₂O₂ (A,B), EL (C,D), MDA (E,F), and proline contents (G,H) were determined in the mock-inoculated control and the BP-R2-inoculated plants under salt (A,C,E,G) and drought (B,D,F,H) stress treatments. Data are presented as the mean ± standard error (SE) from at least three independent bacteria inoculation experiments. More than 10 individual plants were examined for each bacteria inoculation assay. Data were analyzed by Duncan tests and means with different letters were significantly different (p < 0.05).