Table 1.
Cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 epoxygenase (CYP 450Ep) pathway oxylipins by parent fatty acid as discussed in this review.
| Parent Fatty Acid | Enzymatic Pathway | Oxylipin Class (Abbreviation) |
|---|---|---|
| Linoleic Acid | LOX | Hydroxy octadecadienoic acids (HODEs) |
| LOX | Hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acids (HpODEs) | |
| LOX | Oxo octadecadienoic acid (oxo-ODEs) | |
| LOX | Trihydroxy octadecamonoenoic acids (TriHOMEs) | |
| CYP 450Ep | Epoxy octadecamonoenoic acids (EpOMEs) | |
| CYP 450Ep | Dihydroxy octadecamonoenoic acids (DiHOMEs) | |
| Alpha-linolenic Acid (ALA) | LOX | Hydroxy octadecatrienoic acids (HOTrEs) |
| CYP 450Ep | Epoxy octadecadienoic acids (EpODEs) | |
| CYP 450Ep | Dihydroxy octadecadienoic acids (DiHODEs) | |
| Arachidonic Acid (ArA) | COX | 2-series prostaglandins (PG2s) |
| COX | Keto prostaglandins (keto-PGs) | |
| COX | 2-series thromboxanes (TX2s) | |
| LOX | Hydroxy eicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) | |
| LOX | Oxo eicosatetraenoic acids (oxo-ETEs) | |
| LOX | 4-series leukotrienes (LT4s) | |
| CYP 450Ep | Epoxy eicosatrienoic acids (EpETrEs) | |
| CYP 450Ep | Dihydroxy eicosatrienoic acids (DiHETrEs) | |
| Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) | COX | 3-series prostaglandins (PG3s) |
| COX | 3-series thromboxanes (TX3s) | |
| LOX | Hydroxy eicosapentaenoic acids (HEPEs) | |
| LOX | 3- and 5-series leukotrienes (LT3,5s) | |
| CYP 450Ep | Epoxy eicosatetraenoic acids (EpETEs) | |
| CYP 450Ep | Dihydroxy eicosatetraenoic acids (DiHETEs) | |
| Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) | LOX | Hydroxy docosahexaenoic acids (HDoHEs) |
| CYP 450Ep | Epoxy docosapentaenoic acids (EpDPEs) | |
| CYP 450Ep | Dihydroxy docosapentaenoic acids (DiHDPEs) | |
| ArA, EPA, and DHA | LOX | Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators (SPMs) |