Figure 4.

Various organic and inorganic alkalis were prepared at a low concentration (0.1 M) and a high concentration (1.0 M) and exposed to KeraSkin™ for 30 min. Then, (A) cell viability was evaluated, and (B) skin tissues were stained with H&E. Scale bar is 50 μm. NC; negative control (DW) with white bars, PC; positive control (5% SDS) with filled bars. Tested samples with patterned bars, EA; ethanolamine, TEA; triethanolamine, NaOH; sodium hydroxide, Na₂CO₃; sodium carbonate. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.