Table 5.
Urinary metabolomic biomarkers related to oxidative stress and benzene-induced chromosomal aberrations.
| Metabolite | p Value b | Fold Change c | Pathway |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1,21-Henicosanediol | <0.0001 | 2.30 | Lipid transport and lipid metabolism Fatty acid metabolism Lipid peroxidation and cell signaling. |
| Tetradecenoylcarnitine | <0.0001 | 5.05 | Lipid transport and lipid metabolism Fatty acid metabolism Lipid peroxidation and cell signaling. |
| Coprocholic acid | <0.0001 | 5.33 | Lipid transport and metabolism Fatty acid metabolism |
| Cys Met Thr Tyr | <0.0001 | 4.76 | Product of incomplete decomposition of proteins or protein catabolism |
| Asp Leu | <0.0001 | 4.72 | Product of incomplete decomposition of proteins or protein catabolism |
| Phenylalanylhydroxyproline | <0.0001 | 2.27 | Product of incomplete decomposition of proteins or protein catabolism |
| Cys Hys Ser Trp | <0.0001 | 2.31 | Product of incomplete decomposition of proteins or protein catabolism. |
| Sphingomyelin (D18: 0/14: 1 (9Z) (OH)) |
<0.0001 | 5.05 | Lipid metabolism and signaling cell. |
| PE (PGE2/22:2 (13Z, 16Z)) | <0.0001 | 4.73 | Cell signaling |
| Phophatidylethanolamine(44:9) | <0.0001 | 5.20 | Components of the lipid bilayer of cells Lipid metabolism Cell signaling |
b: p-values were calculated from nonparametric Mann—Whitney test between occupational and environmental exposure groups. c: fold change was calculated by the average concentration of the metabolite in the group with environmental exposure in relation to the group with occupational exposure.