. 2022 Oct 7;28(37):5469–5482. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i37.5469

Table 3.

Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses of the risk factors for high risk of malignancy in patients with pancreatic cystic neoplasms

Variable	OR comparisons	Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis
Variable	OR comparisons	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Sex	Female vs Male	2.383 (1.054-5.386)	0.037^a	0.716 (0.232-2.213)	0.562
Age in yr	≥ 60 vs < 60	2.180 (0.967-4.915)	0.060
BMI		0.986 (0.874-1.111)	0.816
Weight loss	Yes vs No	2.437 (0.861-6.897)	0.093
Alcohol	Yes vs No	2.252 (0.741-6.845)	0.153
Symptomatic	Yes vs No	1.774 (0.737-4.271)	0.201
Tumor involve the head of pancreas	Yes vs No	1.148 (0.487-2.705)	0.753
Bile duct dilation	Yes vs No	1.788 (0.460-6.952)	0.402
Tumor diameter in mm	≥ 40 vs < 40	4.094 (1.649-10.165)	0.002^a	3.514 (1.138-10.849)	0.029^a
Intratumoral septum	Yes vs No	0.539 (0.240-1.211)	0.135
Cyst wall enhancement	Yes vs No	1.127 (0.494-2.569)	0.777
Cyst wall thickening	Yes vs No	1.670 (0.329-8.488)	0.536
Enhanced mural nodules	Yes vs No	6.490 (2.746-15.342)	< 0.001^a	4.314 (1.618-11.503)	0.003^a
Intracapsular calcification	Yes vs No	0.208 (0.027-1.606)	0.132
Main pancreatic duct dilatation	Yes vs No	3.574 (1.558-8.201)	0.003^a	3.267 (1.230-8.678)	0.018^a
NLR	≥ 2.288 vs < 2.288	3.077 (1.350-7.015)	0.008^a	2.702 (1.008-7.244)	0.048^a
TB in μmol/L	≥ 34.2 vs < 34.2	6.240 (1.192-32.657)	0.030^a	0.870 (0.050-15.020)	0.924
ALP in IU/L	≥ 200 vs < 200	9.420 (1.499-59.213)	0.017^a	0.632 (0.064-6.285)	0.695
GGT in IU/L	≥ 150 vs < 150	2.925 (0.931-9.189)	0.066
CEA in ng/mL	≥ 5 vs < 5	6.955 (2.060-23.477)	0.002^a	3.798 (0.825-17.482)	0.087
CA199 in U/mL	≥ 34 vs < 34	4.547 (1.750-11.816)	0.002^a	3.267 (1.274-13.007)	0.018^a

P < 0.05.

ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; BMI: Body mass index; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CI: Confidence interval; GGT: γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte; OR: Odds ratio; TB: Total bilirubin.