Table 2.
Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) by White Blood Cell Differential Count, Atherosclerosis Riskin Communities Study, 1987–1989 to 2011.
| Biomarkers (Visit 1) | Below normal range | Within Normal Range | Above normal range | p for trend* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||
|
| ||||||
| Neutrophils | ||||||
| Range | <2000 | 2000–3010 | 3011–4032 | 4033–7000 | >7000 | |
| N | 1391 | 3152 | 3176 | 3139 | 349 | |
| AAA events | 28 | 57 | 100 | 162 | 29 | |
| Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | ||||||
| Incidence Rate (per 100,000 person-years) | 98.4 | 88.4 | 157.7 | 275.7 | 500.2 | |
| Model 1 | 1.44(0.90–2.30) | 1 (Reference) | 1.55(1.12–2.16) | 2.75(2.03–3.74) | 5.87(3.74–9.21) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 | 1.63(1.02–2.63) | 1 (Reference) | 1.32(0.94–1.84) | 1.70(1.24–2.35) | 2.53(1.57–4.07) | <0.0001 |
| Model 3 | 1.66(1.03–2.68) | 1 (Reference) | 1.26(0.9–1.77) | 1.57(1.13–2.19) | 2.14(1.30–3.52) | 0.0006 |
| Model 4 | 1.81(1.10–2.97) | 1 (Reference) | 1.22(0.86–1.73) | 1.52(1.08–2.15) | 2.17(1.29–3.64) | 0.0013 |
| Model 5 | 1.82(1.11–2.98) | 1 (Reference) | 1.28(0.9–1.82) | 1.60(1.13–2.27) | 2.33(1.40–3.87) | 0.0003 |
| Lymphocytes | ||||||
| Range | <1000 | 1000–1628 | 1629–2070 | 2071–3000 | >3000 | |
| N | 313 | 3359 | 3365 | 3359 | 814 | |
| AAA events | 14 | 90 | 102 | 135 | 36 | |
| Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | ||||||
| Incidence Rate (per 100,000 person-years) | 232.4 | 132.5 | 152.5 | 207.4 | 240.3 | |
| Model 1 | 1.74(0.99–3.07) | 1 (Reference) | 1.23(0.92–1.63) | 1.94(1.48–2.53) | 2.81(1.90–4.15) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 | 1.83(1.04–3.21) | 1 (Reference) | 0.99(0.74–1.32) | 1.22(0.92–1.61) | 1.43(0.95–2.14) | 0.0411 |
| Model 3 | 1.80(1.02–3.17) | 1 (Reference) | 0.94(0.70–1.25) | 1.11(0.84–1.48) | 1.16(0.76–1.77) | 0.2858 |
| Model 4 | 1.86(1.04–3.35) | 1 (Reference) | 0.87(0.65–1.17) | 1.01(0.76–1.36) | 0.97(0.62–1.53) | 0.8203 |
| Model 5 | 1.90(1.05–3.41) | 1 (Reference) | 0.89(0.66–1.20) | 1.11(0.83–1.49) | 1.09(0.70–1.69) | 0.3486 |
| Monocytes | ||||||
| Range | <200 | 200–306 | 307–424 | 425–1000 | >1000 ** | |
| N | 1755 | 3158 | 3087 | 3134 | 75 | |
| AAA events | 36 | 76 | 87 | 175 | 3 | |
| Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | ||||||
| Incidence Rate (per 100,000 person-years) | 100.3 | 119.0 | 142.5 | 297.6 | 226.2 | |
| Model 1 | 0.89(0.60–1.32) | 1 (Reference) | 1.02(0.75–1.38) | 2.09(1.59–2.74) | N/A | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 | 1.28(1.11–1.48) | 1 (Reference) | 1.10(1.09–1.13) | 2.70(2.08–3.50) | N/A | 0.0007 |
| Model 3 | 0.86(0.57–1.29) | 1 (Reference) | 0.85(0.62–1.16) | 1.34(1.09–1.79) | N/A | 0.0320 |
| Model 4 | 0.85(0.56–1.30) | 1 (Reference) | 0.85(0.61–1.18) | 1.35(1.01–1.83) | N/A | 0.0420 |
| Model 5 | 0.86(0.56–1.31) | 1 (Reference) | 0.89(0.61–1.18) | 1.47(1.06–2.21) | N/A | 0.0051 |
| Eosinophils | ||||||
| Range | <20 | 20–110 | 111–195 | 196–500 | >500 | |
| N | 2369 | 2851 | 2874 | 2854 | 251 | |
| AAA events | 97 | 61 | 83 | 122 | 14 | |
| Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | ||||||
| Incidence Rate (per 100,000 person-years) | 204.4 | 106.2 | 146.5 | 223.6 | 307.3 | |
| Model 1 | 1.56(1.09–2.23) | 1 (Reference) | 1.21(0.87–1.69) | 1.72(1.26–2.35) | 2.38(1.33–4.25) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 | 1.63(1.14–2.33) | 1 (Reference) | 1.16(0.83–1.63) | 1.40(1.02–1.92) | 1.86(1.03–3.35) | 0.0091 |
| Model 3 | 1.45(1.00–2.11) | 1 (Reference) | 1.14(0.81–1.61) | 1.32(0.95–1.82) | 1.79(0.99–3.24) | 0.0388 |
| Model 4 | 1.62(1.10–2.39) | 1 (Reference) | 1.20(0.84–1.71) | 1.35(0.96–1.89) | 2.01(1.08–3.73) | 0.0382 |
| Model 5 | 1.69(1.14–2.51) | 1 (Reference) | 1.26(0.89–1.8) | 1.42(1.01–1.99) | 2.18(1.18–4.03) | 0.0163 |
| Basophils | ||||||
| Range | <20 (all with value 0) | 20–51 | 52–65 | 66–100 | >100 | |
| N | 5734 | 1646 | 1501 | 1611 | 720 | |
| AAA events | 219 | 21 | 46 | 60 | 31 | |
| Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | ||||||
| Incidence Rate (per 100,000 person-years) | 194 | 62.2 | 152.7 | 196.3 | 227.7 | |
| Model 1 | 2.91(1.85–4.59) | 1 (Reference) | 2.22(1.32–3.72) | 2.89(1.76–4.76) | 4.05(2.31–7.08) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 | 2.19(1.37–3.50) | 1 (Reference) | 1.76(1.03–3.00) | 1.78(1.06–2.97) | 2.50(1.41–4.43) | 0.0094 |
| Model 3 | 1.86(1.14–3.03) | 1 (Reference) | 1.61(0.94–2.77) | 1.48(0.86–2.53) | 1.91(1.04–3.51) | 0.5318 |
| Model 4 | 1.86(1.12–3.07) | 1 (Reference) | 1.53(0.88–2.66) | 1.49(0.86–2.57) | 1.94(1.04–3.63) | 0.7923 |
| Model 5 | 2.14(1.29–3.55) | 1 (Reference) | 1.67(0.95–2.94) | 1.79(1.04–3.09) | 2.56(1.38–4.75) | 0.0378 |
AAA- Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Model 1: adjusted for age, sex and race-center
Model 2: adjusted for Model 1 covariates plus smoking status and pack years of smoking
Model 3: adjusted for Model 2 covariates plus other differentials as a continuous variable
Model 4: adjusted for Model 3 covariates plus height, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, use of cholesterol lowering medication, hypertension, peripheral artery disease, and diabetes
Model 5: adjusted for Model 3 covariates plus BMI, waist circumference, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, use of cholesterol lowering medication, hypertension, peripheral artery disease, diabetes, and prevalent coronary heart disease at Visit 1
p-value for trend was calculated by excluding below the normal range group
This group had very few AAA events, hence for model stability we excluded this group from cox regression analyses