Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the included studies, 2016–2022.
| Authors’ Name& Publication Year | Study Area | Study Region | Study Setting | Sampling | Sample Size | RR | POU water treatment | Risk of bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birara et al., 2018 [18] | Bahirdar City | Amhara | Urban | Srs | 418 | 98.6% | 76.3 | Low |
| Tunje et al., 2019 [14] | Chencha district+ | SNNPR | Rural | SRS | 739 | 100% | 65.5 | Moderate |
| Tafesse et al., 2021 [19] | Gibe district+ | SNNPR | Rural | SRS | 627 | 94.4% | 34.3 | Low |
| Admasie et al., 2022 [20] | Sodo zurya district+ | SNNPR | Rural | Srs | 836 | 100% | 44.1 | Low |
| W/tsadik et al., 2022 [12] | Bure Town | SNNPR | Urban | SRS | 418 | 98.9% | 29.9 | Low |
| Azage et al., 2018 [21] | Baso Liben | Amhara | Rural | SRS | 865 | 98.8% | 26 | Moderate |
| Yilmana Densa | ||||||||
| Fogera districts+ | ||||||||
| Bitew et al., 2017 [22] | Dabat district+ | Amhara | Rural | SRS | 845 | 98.7% | 23.1 | Moderate |
| Belay et al., 2015 [23] | Burie Zuria+ | Amhara | Rural& Urban | SRS | 797 | 98.2% | 44.8 | Low |
| Merga et al., 2021 [11] | Assosa district+ | Benishangul Gumuz | Rural& Urban | SRS | 378 | 95.17% | 13.2 | Low |
| Geremew et al., 2018 [13] | Eastern hararge and Kersa zones* | Oromia and Harari | Rural& semi-urban | SRS | 377 | 100% | 31 | Low |
| Tsegaye et al., 2020 [15] | Degadamot district+ | Amhara | Rural | SRS | 845 | 100% | 14 | Low |
| Eticha et al., 2022 [7] | Ameya district+ | Oromia | Urban and rural | SRS | 413 | 100% | 30 | Low |
RR: Response rate.
SRS: Systematic random sampling.
Srs: simple random sampling.
SNNPR: Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples’ Region.
*The second-level administrative divisions of Ethiopia after Regional governments.
+ The third-level administrative divisions of Ethiopia after Regional governments and zones.