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. 2022 Oct 13;13:928801. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.928801

TABLE 4.

Dimensions describing the factors that contribute to students’ competence satisfaction from a relatedness support perspective.

Category Theoretical framework Dimension
Participation possibilities and autonomy-supportive interaction Teachers’ intraindividual reference norm orientation Flexible, present-oriented teacher expectancies
Teaching quality Student support
Mastery goal structure (TARGET framework) Authority
Constructive and appropriately challenging support Mastery goal structure (TARGET framework) Evaluation
Perceived error climate Error tolerance, irrelevance of errors for assessment, teacher support following errors, absence of negative teacher reactions to errors, taking the error risk, analysis of errors, functionality of errors for learning
Teaching quality Cognitive activation, student support
Teachers’ intraindividual reference norm orientation Individualized instruction, moderate challenge level
Opportunities for collaborative working and peer interaction Mastery goal structure (TARGET framework) Grouping
Teaching quality Student support
Cognitive activation

For an overview of the depicted theoretical frameworks and dimensions, see Rheinberg, 1980, 1983; Steuer et al., 2013; Dickhäuser et al., 2017; Lüftenegger et al., 2017; Praetorius et al., 2018.