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. 2022 Oct 14;9:956696. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.956696

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© 2022 Wang, Tian, Li, Li, Ibrahim, Yuan, Wang, Tang, Zhang, Wang and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Receiver operating characteristics curve. IDHI: initial L4/5 disc height index, FJA: facet joint angle, TRCSA: relative cross-sectional area of total paraspinal muscle.