Table 3.
Prevalence and results of regression analysis for flourishing mental health.
| Unadjusted OR | Adjusted model 1 | Adjusted model 2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | |
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 40.5 | 1.19 (1.04–1.36) | 0.014 | 1.17 (0.99–1.37) | 0.060 | 1.00 (0.84–1.20) | 0.959 |
| Female | 36.6 | REF | REF | REF | |||
| Age (years) | |||||||
| 18–24 | 30.3 | REF | REF | REF | |||
| 25–34 | 32.1 | 1.09 (0.80–1.47) | 0.588 | 0.62 (0.39–0.99) | 0.047 | 0.50 (0.30–0.84) | 0.008 |
| 35–44 | 41.8 | 1.64 (1.23–2.19) | 0.001 | 0.87 (0.53–1.41) | 0.565 | 0.71 (0.41–1.22) | 0.211 |
| 45–54 | 36.5 | 1.33 (0.99–1.78) | 0.061 | 0.67 (0.41–1.10) | 0.114 | 0.53 (0.30–0.92) | 0.024 |
| 55–64 | 43.3 | 1.74 (1.30–2.33) | <0.001 | 0.69 (0.41–1.16) | 0.164 | 0.58 (0.32–1.04) | 0.066 |
| 65–74 | 42.5 | 1.64 (1.20–2.25) | 0.002 | 0.49 (0.26–0.92) | 0.026 | 0.40 (0.20–0.81) | 0.011 |
| 75 and more | 40.6 | 1.53 (1.10–2.14) | 0.013 | 0.47 (0.24–0.93) | 0.03 | 0.41 (0.19–0.86) | 0.019 |
| Education status | |||||||
| Primary school or lower | 34.3 | REF | REF | REF | |||
| Secondary school | 39.4 | 1.27 (1.05–1.53) | 0.016 | 1.43 (1.13–1.82) | 0.003 | 1.49 (1.14–1.95) | 0.003 |
| College or higher | 39.8 | 1.29 (1.05–1.60) | 0.018 | 1.49 (1.14–1.95) | 0.004 | 1.47 (1.09–1.98) | 0.012 |
| Employment status | |||||||
| Employed, self–employed | 38.1 | REF | REF | REF | |||
| Student | 28.5 | 0.65 (0.50–0.85) | 0.002 | 0.76 (0.47–1.22) | 0.250 | 0.77 (0.46–1.31) | 0.338 |
| Retired | 44.6 | 1.27 (1.08–1.49) | 0.003 | 1.68 (1.18–2.40) | 0.004 | 1.82 (1.23–2.69) | 0.003 |
| Unemployed | 29.8 | 0.70 (0.51–0.94) | 0.018 | 0.86 (0.61–1.22) | 0.398 | 1.02 (0.70–1.50) | 0.908 |
| Marital status | |||||||
| Married | 44.3 | REF | REF | REF | |||
| Civil partner | 39.0 | 0.80 (0.67–0.95) | 0.010 | 0.83 (0.67–1.01) | 0.069 | 0.93 (0.74–1.16) | 0.514 |
| Single | 27.1 | 0.47 (0.39–0.57) | <0.001 | 0.48 (0.37–0.63) | <0.001 | 0.48 (0.36–0.64) | <0.001 |
| Widowed | 36.2 | 0.68 (0.50–0.92) | 0.011 | 0.79 (0.53–1.19) | 0.258 | 0.86 (0.55–1.35) | 0.511 |
| Divorced | 32.5 | 0.60 (0.40–0.91) | 0.017 | 0.58 (0.36–0.93) | 0.025 | 0.64 (0.38–1.07) | 0.087 |
| Alcohol consumption | |||||||
| Decreased | 36.0 | 0.88 (0.74–1.06) | 0.173 | 0.84 (0.54–1.30) | 0.430 | ||
| Unchanged | 39.0 | REF | REF | ||||
| Increased | 30.7 | 0.69 (0.48–0.99) | 0.043 | 0.77 (0.48–1.24) | 0.287 | ||
| COVID−19 infection | |||||||
| Yes | 39.1 | REF | REF | ||||
| No | 38.1 | 0.96 (0.79–1.16) | 0.653 | 1.02 (0.81–1.29) | 0.833 | ||
| Family relations | |||||||
| Worsened | 17.7 | 0.32 (0.25–0.41) | <0.001 | 0.61 (0.45–0.83) | 0.001 | ||
| Unchanged | 40.2 | REF | REF | ||||
| Improved | 48.7 | 1.41 (1.19–1.67) | <0.001 | 1.35 (1.08–1.68) | 0.007 | ||
| Financial security | |||||||
| Worsened | 31.0 | 0.64 (0.55–0.75) | <0.001 | 1.15 (0.93–1.41) | 0.192 | ||
| Unchanged | 43.2 | REF | REF | ||||
| Improved | 48.8 | 1.36 (1.07–1.73) | 0.013 | 1.47 (1.07–2.01) | 0.016 | ||
| Social interactions | |||||||
| Worsened | 34.1 | 0.51 (0.43–0.60) | <0.001 | 0.66 (0.54–0.82) | <0.001 | ||
| Unchanged | 50.4 | REF | REF | ||||
| Improved | 48.9 | 0.95 (0.66–1.35) | 0.763 | 0.89 (0.56–1.40) | 0.605 | ||
| Physical activity | |||||||
| Worsened | 29.4 | 0.49 (0.42–0.57) | <0.001 | 0.78 (0.63–0.95) | 0.016 | ||
| Unchanged | 46.0 | REF | REF | ||||
| Improved | 44.9 | 0.96 (0.78–1.17) | 0.676 | 0.78 (0.58–1.03) | 0.083 | ||
| Diet | |||||||
| Worsened | 20.3 | 0.36 (0.29–0.44) | <0.001 | 0.61 (0.46–0.82) | 0.001 | ||
| Unchanged | 41.7 | REF | REF | ||||
| Improved | 45.6 | 1.17 (0.97–1.41) | 0.101 | 1.06 (0.80–1.41) | 0.698 | ||
| Sleep | |||||||
| Worsened | 21.5 | 0.35 (0.29–0.41) | <0.001 | 0.66 (0.52–0.84) | 0.001 | ||
| Unchanged | 44.2 | REF | REF | ||||
| Improved | 48.7 | 1.20 (0.97–1.49) | 0.093 | 1.12 (0.83–1.51) | 0.441 | ||
| Health status | |||||||
| Worsened | 23.4 | 0.42 (0.35–0.51) | <0.001 | 0.88 (0.68–1.14) | 0.327 | ||
| Unchanged | 42.0 | REF | REF | ||||
| Improved | 49.6 | 1.37 (0.94–2.00) | 0.099 | 1.26 (0.77–2.07) | 0.360 | ||
| Pre–existing chronic conditions | |||||||
| Yes | 38.2 | REF | REF | ||||
| No | 39.2 | 1.04 (0.90–1.21) | 0.574 | 0.99 (0.81–1.21) | 0.901 | ||
| Pre–existing mental disorders | |||||||
| Yes | 18.2 | REF | REF | ||||
| No | 39.8 | 2.99 (2.06–4.35) | <0.001 | 1.89 (1.19–3.00) | 0.007 | ||
| Exposure to violence | |||||||
| Yes | 22.3 | REF | REF | ||||
| No | 40.4 | 2.38 (1.84–3.08) | <0.001 | 1.42 (1.03–1.95) | 0.033 | ||
| Resilience | / | 1.42 (1.35–1.48) | <0.001 | 1.34 (1.26–1.41) | <0.001 | ||
| Literacy; finding, understanding and evaluating information | / | 1.36 (1.28–1.46) | <0.001 | 1.11 (1.01–1.22) | 0.023 | ||
| Literacy; understanding and following recommendations | / | 1.29 (1.21–1.37) | <0.001 | 1.18 (1.08–1.30.) | <0.001 | ||