Table 1. Genome-Wide Significant Maximum Habitual Alcohol Intake Loci in the Cross-Ancestry GWAS, European GWAS, African Ancestry GWAS, and MaxAlc MTAG GWAS.
| Chr | Position | Marker name | A1 | A2 | Nearest gene | Direction or MAFa | P value | SNVs, No. | GWAS SNVs, No. | IS SNVs, No. | Lead SNVs, No. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cross-ancestry GWAS | |||||||||||
| 4 | 100239319 | rs1229984 | C | T | ADH1B | -? | 2.46 × 10−101 | 529 | 393 | 22 | 9 |
| 4 | 103188709 | rs13107325 | T | C | SLC39A8 | – | 9.40 × 10−15 | 23 | 23 | 4 | 1 |
| 17 | 44305199 | rs570285046 | C | T | CRHR1 | ++ | 2.12 × 10−14 | 3590 | 3538 | 29 | 3 |
| 7 | 135162897 | rs2551763 | T | C | CNOT4 | -? | 1.29 × 10−9 | 29 | 18 | 1 | 1 |
| 9 | 30359634 | rs13297433 | A | G | snoU13 | ++ | 2.01 × 10−9 | 76 | 73 | 2 | 1 |
| 11 | 47392114 | rs7928419 | A | G | SPI1 | ++ | 2.29 × 10−9 | 196 | 172 | 3 | 1 |
| 1 | 7830262 | rs2153733 | C | T | CAMTA1 | +? | 1.36 × 10−8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 19 | 37504953 | rs826323 | A | G | ZNF420 | ++ | 1.39 × 10−8 | 162 | 153 | 1 | 1 |
| 9 | 33094361 | rs56175925 | A | G | B4GALT1 | ?+ | 1.82 × 10−8 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 |
| 10 | 10704659 | rs34165302 | C | CA | RP1-186E20.1 | -? | 2.08 × 10−8 | 87 | 35 | 1 | 1 |
| 10 | 110572259 | rs1577857 | G | T | RP11-655H13.2 | +? | 2.47 × 10−8 | 100 | 82 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 104056769 | rs6752675 | A | G | AC092568.1 | – | 2.57 × 10−8 | 196 | 170 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 27730940 | rs1260326 | C | T | GCKR | – | 2.63 × 10−8 | 9 | 9 | 1 | 1 |
| 11 | 113392994 | rs2514218 | T | C | DRD2 | – | 4.59 × 10−8 | 25 | 23 | 1 | 1 |
| European-ancestry GWAS | |||||||||||
| 4 | 100239319 | rs1229984 | C | T | ADH1B | 0.04 | 3.12 × 10−101 | 420 | 275 | 14 | 8 |
| 4 | 103188709 | rs13107325 | T | C | SLC39A8 | 0.08 | 6.78 × 10−15 | 24 | 24 | 2 | 1 |
| 17 | 43810896 | rs77804065 | T | C | CRHR1 | 0.23 | 6.04 × 10−14 | 3839 | 3533 | 4 | 2 |
| 11 | 47676170 | rs7107356 | G | A | AGBL2 | 0.5 | 1.43 × 10−10 | 422 | 313 | 3 | 1 |
| 7 | 135162897 | rs2551763 | T | C | CNOT4 | 0.41 | 1.30 × 10−9 | 43 | 19 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 7830262 | rs2153733 | C | T | CAMTA1 | 0.19 | 1.36 × 10−8 | 35 | 31 | 1 | 1 |
| 10 | 10714452 | rs145961009 | C | CTT | RP1-186E20.1 | 0.22 | 1.73 × 10−8 | 133 | 42 | 1 | 1 |
| 9 | 30346448 | rs4879424 | C | T | snoU13 | 0.15 | 2.18 × 10−8 | 190 | 169 | 1 | 1 |
| 10 | 110572259 | rs1577857 | G | T | RP11-655H13.2 | 0.26 | 2.47 × 10−8 | 122 | 102 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 27730940 | rs1260326 | C | T | GCKR | 0.42 | 4.53 × 10−8 | 18 | 18 | 1 | 1 |
| African-ancestry GWAS | |||||||||||
| 4 | 100229017 | rs2066702 | A | G | ADH1B | 0.19 | 6.30 × 10−17 | 109 | 103 | 7 | 1 |
| 9 | 33094361 | rs56175925 | A | G | B4GALT1 | 0.02 | 1.83 × 10−8 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 1 |
| MTAG | |||||||||||
| 4 | 100239319 | rs1229984 | T | C | ADH1B | 0.04 | 3.35 × 10−176 | 1291 | 646 | 26 | 9 |
| 4 | 103188709 | rs13107325 | T | C | SLC39A8 | 0.08 | 6.01 × 10−36 | 75 | 26 | 6 | 1 |
| 2 | 27730940 | rs1260326 | T | C | GCKR | 0.41 | 2.72 × 10−21 | 261 | 98 | 4 | 1 |
| 4 | 39423789 | rs4975013 | A | G | KLB | 0.39 | 1.44 × 10−19 | 64 | 27 | 4 | 1 |
| 11 | 113364691 | rs17602038 | T | C | DRD2 | 0.37 | 2.62 × 10−16 | 70 | 36 | 3 | 2 |
| 11 | 47406592 | rs11039216 | T | C | RP11-750H9.5 | 0.47 | 1.07 × 10−15 | 519 | 245 | 5 | 1 |
| 17 | 44083402 | rs1991556 | A | G | MAPT | 0.23 | 2.25 × 10−15 | 3854 | 2089 | 2 | 1 |
| 10 | 110572259 | rs1577857 | T | G | RP11-655H13.2 | 0.26 | 6.44 × 10−15 | 494 | 304 | 2 | 1 |
| 2 | 104361420 | rs9308868 | A | G | AC013727.1 | 0.49 | 4.88 × 10−13 | 518 | 329 | 3 | 1 |
| 14 | 58765903 | rs61974485 | T | C | ARID4A | 0.28 | 1.02 × 10−12 | 117 | 5 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 45139904 | rs472140 | T | C | RP11-89K21.1 | 0.42 | 1.11 × 10−11 | 50 | 5 | 2 | 1 |
| 7 | 135119417 | rs2551774 | A | G | CNOT4 | 0.41 | 1.50 × 10−11 | 43 | 14 | 1 | 1 |
| 10 | 10688361 | rs7910201 | A | G | RP1-186E20.1 | 0.25 | 6.36 × 10−11 | 168 | 69 | 2 | 1 |
| 16 | 53834607 | rs7188250 | T | C | FTO | 0.41 | 8.06 × 10−10 | 106 | 82 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | 153487944 | rs2098112 | A | G | DPP6 | 0.47 | 8.99 × 10−10 | 112 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| 19 | 49244219 | rs2307018 | A | C | IZUMO1 | 0.43 | 9.98 × 10−10 | 59 | 21 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 66503517 | rs1354063 | T | C | PDE4B | 0.47 | 1.21 × 10−9 | 224 | 81 | 3 | 1 |
| 15 | 47681384 | rs8033799 | A | C | CTD-2050N2.1 | 0.21 | 1.86 × 10−9 | 157 | 65 | 2 | 1 |
| 5 | 153364650 | rs2245405 | A | G | FAM114A2 | 0.45 | 2.24 × 10−9 | 70 | 32 | 1 | 1 |
| 22 | 41789408 | rs4822028 | A | G | TEF | 0.23 | 7.97 × 10−9 | 762 | 503 | 2 | 2 |
| 12 | 81602449 | rs1921035 | A | G | ACSS3 | 0.48 | 8.44 × 10−9 | 100 | 55 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 144225215 | rs13024996 | A | C | RP11-570L15.2 | 0.36 | 8.56 × 10−9 | 29 | 7 | 1 | 1 |
| 13 | 97019647 | rs1925104 | T | G | HS6ST3 | 0.33 | 1.37 × 10−8 | 100 | 56 | 1 | 1 |
| 8 | 21831385 | rs1484162 | A | G | XPO7 | 0.41 | 1.49 × 10−8 | 56 | 15 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 138197269 | rs10496771 | T | C | THSD7B | 0.25 | 1.56 × 10−8 | 222 | 84 | 1 | 1 |
| 20 | 18546199 | rs6045466 | T | C | LINC00493 | 0.47 | 1.92 × 10−8 | 150 | 102 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 58042241 | rs1402398 | A | G | CTD-2026C7.1 | 0.39 | 2.00 × 10−8 | 268 | 55 | 2 | 1 |
| 7 | 117576675 | rs6466637 | A | G | AC007568.1 | 0.28 | 2.00 × 10−8 | 39 | 22 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | 73015369 | rs13240065 | A | G | MLXIPL | 0.12 | 2.95 × 10−8 | 66 | 46 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 204123832 | rs56059523 | T | C | CYP20A1 | 0.11 | 3.17 × 10−8 | 18 | 5 | 1 | 1 |
| 3 | 18793340 | rs9835977 | T | C | AC144521.1 | 0.30 | 3.57 × 10−8 | 79 | 44 | 1 | 1 |
Abbreviations: +, positive; –, negative; ?, not present; A, allele; Chr, chromosome; GWAS, genome-wide association studies; IS, independently significant; MAF, minor allele frequency; MTAG, multitrait analysis of genome-wide association studies; SNV, single nucleotide variant.
a
For the cross-ancestry GWAS, direction is shown; for European-ancestry GWAS, African-ancestry GWAS, and MTAG, MAF is shown.