Figure 4.
Live-attenuated TS viruses are effective against the variant Omicron
(A) Evaluation of the immunogenicity the rTS-all strain in vivo.
(B and C) Neutralization titers in the sera of immunized hamsters against the B-1 (B) and BA.1 viruses (C). Individual neutralization titers are plotted with symbols and bars showing the median values (Mock and rTS-all; n = 10, rB-1; n = 9). Error bars represent 95% CIs. The LOD is indicated in the x axis. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis (n.s.: not significant, ∗∗p < 0.01 and ∗∗∗p < 0.001).
(D and E) Viral titers in lung homogenates (D) and nasal wash specimens (E) three days post-infection. Viral titration was performed by plaque formation assays. Bars depict the mean values, and symbols represent individual viral titers (n = 5). Error bars represent mean SDs. The LOD is indicated in the x axis. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA was performed (n.s.: not significant, ∗p < 0.05, and ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001).
(F)Neutralization assay of the nasal wash specimens against pseudotyped VSV with D614G pre-alpha type spike. The symbols represent individual data and error bars represent SDs (Mock and rTS-all; n = 5, rB-1; n = 3). The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA (n.s.: not significant, ∗p < 0.05 and ∗∗p < 0.01).
