Table 4.
Percentage of Time Dedicated to the ASP in Pharmacists with Formal ASP Responsibilities
| ASP Activity | Total (n = 118), Median (IQR) |
Formal ID Training/ Certification (n = 76), Median (IQR) |
No Formal ID Training/ Certification (n = 42), Median (IQR) |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacist FTEs dedicated to ASP | 1 (0.763–2) | 1 (1–2) | 1 (0.5–2) | .171 |
| Direct ASP activities | ||||
| Review of restricted antimicrobials | 4.5 (0–10) | 5 (1–10) | 0.5 (0–5) | .002 |
| Antimicrobial de-escalation | 15 (7–30) | 20 (10–30) | 10 (5–20) | <.001 |
| Antimicrobial escalation/drug–pathogen mismatches | 7.25 (5–10) | 10 (5–15) | 5 (2–10) | .022 |
| Guideline and clinical pathway development and maintenance | 5 (1–10) | 5 (2–10) | 5 (0–6.25) | .044 |
| Parenteral to oral conversion | 2.5 (0–5) | 2 (0–5) | 4.5 (1–10) | .023 |
| Provider education | 5 (1–5) | 5 (1–8.75) | 3.5 (1–5) | .396 |
| Other ASP activities not listed | 0 (0–10) | 5 (0–10) | 0 (0–5) | .001 |
| Total direct ASP activities | 60 (32.88–80) | 70 (45–81.88) | 35 (20–65) | <.001 |
| Indirect or non-ASP activities | ||||
| Administration (e.g., committee work) | 10 (5–15) | 10 (5–20) | 5 (1.75–10) | .001 |
| Research | 0 (0–5) | 3.25 (1–8.75) | 0 (0–5) | .023 |
| Non-ASP activities (details not requested) | 15 (0.75–51.25) | 10 (0–24.5) | 52.5 (15–71.25) | <.001 |
| Total indirect or non-ASP activities | 40 (20–67.13) | 30 (12.13–55) | 65 (35–80) | <.001 |
Note. ASP, antimicrobial stewardship; ID, infectious diseases; FTE, full-time equivalent