Table 3.
Means and standard deviations (SD) derived from the medians of the included studies
| First author, year | Country, period of data collection | Sample size | median | Derived mean | Derived SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chaouki, 1994 [23] | Algeria (1994) | 982 | 17.9 | 17.9 | 0.1 |
| Ngo, 1997 [24] | DRC (1991–1992) | 306 | 39.3 | 43.7 | 21.5 |
| Hess, 1999 [25] | Cote de'Ivore | 72 | 351 | 351 | 455 |
| Hess, 1999 [25] | Cote de'Ivore | 66 | 136 | 184.2 | 192.3 |
| Ojule 1998 [26] | Nigeria, 1998 | 90 | 213 | 213 | 9.9 |
| Ojule 1998 [26] | Nigeria, 1998 | 105 | 149 | 149 | 14.7 |
| Dillon, 2000 [27] | Senegal 1996–1997 | 462 | 60 | 60 | 39 |
| Eltom, 2000 [28] | Sudan 1998–1999 | 47 | 38 | 33.6 | 29.1 |
| Lwenje, 2000 [29] | Swaziland | 165 | 295 | 299 | 30 |
| Akdader-O, 2020 [30] | Algeria 2016–2017 | 173 | 233 | 234.8 | 37 |
| Garnier, 2016 [31] | Burkina Faso | 946 | 74 | 74 | 28.2 |
| Kavishe, 2020 [32] | Burundi 2018 | 87 | 86.7 | 87 | 33.2 |
| Habimana, 2013 [33] | DRC, 2009–2011 | 225 | 138 | 138.4 | 50 |
| IGN, 2017 [14, 34] | Djibouti, 2015 (NS) | 230 | 265 | 294 | 205 |
| MOHP, 2017 [35] | Egypt, 2014–2015 | 1498 | 135 | 135 | 50.5 |
| Hamza, 2007 [36] | Egypt, 2006 | 113 | 102 | 102.9 | 31.1 |
| Elsayed, 2016 [37] | Egypt,2016 | 400 | 170 | 173.5 | 56.5 |
| Mohammed, 2020 [38] | Ethiopia, 2013–2014 | 562 | 120.6 | 136.1 | 109.6 |
| Fereja, 2018 [39] | Ethiopia | 354 | 85.7 | 89.3 | 67.2 |
| Kedir, 2014 [40] | Ethiopia, 2012 | 435 | 58.1 | 63.8 | 66.7 |
| Ersino, 2013 [41] | Ethiopia, 2009 | 172 | 15 | 16.9 | 22.8 |
| Takele, 2017 [42] | Ethiopia, 2017 | 403 | 137 | 137 | 59.5 |
| Keno, 2017 [43] | Ethiopia, 2014 | 40 | 88.6 | 96.8 | 51.2 |
| Negeri, 2014 [44] | Ethiopia, 2011 | 423 | 48 | 48 | 17.9 |
| NaNA, 2019 [45] | Gambia 2018 | 118 | 113.5 | 123.7 | 116.7 |
| GHS, 2017 [46] | Ghana, 2015 | 102 | 183.5 | 183.5 | 69.5 |
| Gyamfi, 2018 [47] | Ghana, 2016 (ss) | 239 | 159 | 159 | 59.7 |
| Adu-Afarwuah, 2018 [48] | Ghana, 2009–2011 | 295 | 137 | 145.8 | 106.5 |
| Farebrother, 2018 [49] | Kenya | 162 | 337 | 347.2 | 229.6 |
| Randremanana, 2019 [50] | Madagascar, 2014 | 170 | 53 | 50.2 | 59.8 |
| Stinca, 2017 [51, 52] | Morocco 2013–14 | 245 | 32 | 35.9 | 30.6 |
| Sadou 2013 [53] | Niger 2012 | 240 | 119 | 119 | 44.8 |
| Hess, 2017 [54] | Niger, 2014–2015 | 662 | 69 | 73.9 | 56.4 |
| Jibril, 2016 [55] | Nigeria, 2014 | 300 | 193 | 193 | 71.5 |
| Kayode, 2019 [56] | Nigeria, 2012 | 133 | 135 | 138.5 | 58.5 |
| Ujowundu, 2010 [57] | Nigeria, 2009 | 302 | 151.1 | 152.1 | 41.7 |
| Rohner, 2016 [58] | Sierra Leone, 2013 | 154 | 175.8 | 176 | 65.9 |
| MOH-FGS, 2020 [34] | Somalia, 2018–19 | 236 | 269 | 424 | 454 |
| Mabasa, 2019 [59] | South Africa, 2012–13 | 565 | 164 | 183.3 | 147.9 |
| Stinca, 2017 [51, 52] | South Africa | 207 | 174 | 189.8 | 151 |
| Mtumwa, 2017 [60] | Tanzania, 2009–2010 | 947 | 136.8 | 151.9 | 147.9 |
| Ba, 2020 [61] | Tanzania, 2015–2016 | 266 | 156.1 | 160.6 | 146 |
| Stinca, 2017 [51, 52] | Tanzania, 2016 | 330 | 422 | 434.3 | 252.4 |
| Chinyanga, 2006 [62] | Zimbabwe, 2006 | 94 | 115.5 | 128.5 | 137 |