Table 5.
Summary of GRADE results.
| Outcomes | Potential absolute effects * (95% CI) |
Relative effect (95% CI) | No. of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk with [comparison] | Risk with [intervention] | |||||
| Internasal distance | Average internasal distance was 0 (zero) | DM 1.78 higher (0.95 higher to 2.6 higher) | – | 54 (2 observational studies) | ⨁◯◯◯ Very lowa, b | |
| Oropharyngeal volume | Mean oropharyngeal volume was 0 (zero) | DM 2.18 higher (0.98 higher to 3.38 higher) | – | 48 (2 observational studies) | ⨁◯◯◯ Very lowa, b | |
| Interzygomatic distance | Interzygomatic mean distance was 0 (zero) | DM 2.75 lower (15.96 lower to 10.47 higher) | – | 54 (2 observational studies) | ⨁◯◯◯ Very lowa, b | |
| Nasal volume | Mean nasal volume was 0 (zero) | DM 3 higher (0.25 lower to 6.25 higher) | – | 48 (2 observational studies) | ⨁◯◯◯ Very lowa, b | |
a
High risk of selection bias.
b
Small number of studies and patients.