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. 2022 May 16;12(5):701–710. doi: 10.1016/j.jpha.2022.05.001

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Schematic representation of the four multimodal integrated strategies. PK/PD: pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics; QbD: quality by design; Q-marker: quality marker; TCM: traditional Chinese medicine.