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. 2022 May 16;12(5):701–710. doi: 10.1016/j.jpha.2022.05.001

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

The chemical-activity-based screening method of Q-markers. Q-marker: quality marker; NIRS: near-infrared spectroscopy; LC-MS/MS: liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; LC-MS: liquid chromotography-mass spectrometry; PK/PD: pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics.