Silencing of Sg2204 homologues from Sitobion avenae, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Acyrthosiphon pisum and Myzus persicae via a transdermal dsRNA delivery system with nanocarriers decreased aphid survival and fecundity. (a) Relative expression levels of Sg2204 homologues after treatment with ds2204/nanocarriers/detergent or dsGFP/nanocarriers/detergent at 48 h (n = 3, Student's t test). (b) Survival rate of ds2204‐ or dsGFP‐treated S. avenae, R. maidis, A. pisum and M. persicae at 6 days after feeding on wheat, maize, broad bean and tobacco plants, respectively (n = 10, Student's t test). (c) Number of nymphs produced by ds2204‐ or dsGFP‐treated S. avenae, R. maidis, A. pisum and M. persicae when feeding on wheat, maize, soybean and tobacco plants for 5 days (n = 15, Student's t test). Data are presented as the mean ± SE. Asterisks above the bars indicate significant differences between controls and treatments (ns, not significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; Student's t test).