Figure 2.

Analysis of β‐apocarotenoids and crocetin dialdehyde in different engineered callus lines and in vitro assay of GjCCD4a with C₃₀ β‐apo‐8′‐carotenal. (a) Relative quantification of β‐apocarotenoids among various engineered callus lines. The identification and quantification of apocarotenoids were performed by UHPLC‐HR‐MS. Column names are defined in the legend of Figure 1. β‐apocarotenoid profile of other independent lines is shown in Figure S3. (b) UHPLC analysis of GjCCD4a activity and cleavage reactions for crocetin dialdehyde biosynthesis. Incubation of crude lysate of thioredoxin‐GjCCD4a expressing cells with β‐apo‐8′‐carotenal yielded C₂₀ crocetin dialdehyde. Separation was performed in UHPLC system 2. Insets show UV/vis spectra of crocetin dialdehyde.