Table 1.

Codebook for content theme with description and representative image.

Theme (Description)	Sub-Theme (Description)	Representative image
1.0. Risks and crisis Information (General public understanding of associated risks)	1. Pandemic intelligence (Generic or basic-level statements or numbers about the virus/disease and informational resources. This could be before, during, or after the COVID-19 pandemic)
	1.2. Symptoms and transmission (Describing probable indications or how COVID-19 might be transmitted to humans)
2.0. Self-efficacy & sense-making (Feedback processes to make sense of the situation and changes in behaviors to reduce the likelihood of harm)	2.1. Personal preventive measures & mitigation (Measures or precautions that can be taken by an individual to protect herself/himself from infection, or mitigation of coronavirus-related issues (including mental and physical health & wellness))
	2.2. Social/common responsibility & Empathy (Measures or precautions that can be taken by an individual/community to prevent the spread of COVID-19 or show affection to loved ones or the public)
	2.3. Inquisitive Messaging (Addressing public queries about issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic)
3.0. Preparations & Uncertainty Reduction (Public preparation for the possibility of an adverse event)	3.1. Clarification (Alerting/dispelling myths, fake news, or misinformation about the COVID-19 pandemic)
	3.2. Events, campaigns & activities (Promoting an event/campaign/activity for awareness, relief, or treatment of the COVID-19)
	3.3. Contributions request (Seeking financial and voluntary contributions for tackling COVID-19)
	3.4. Showing Gratitude or Reassurance (Expression of thanks, approval, regards, reassurance, and paying tribute to the frontline workers (e.g., doctors, nurses, cleaners, volunteers, etc.)
4.0. Advisories & Alerts (Specific advice or warning messages regarding COVID-19)	4.1. Risk groups (People with pre-existing conditions or seniors who are at greater risk of contracting Coronavirus)
	4.2 General advisory and vigilance (Alerts, tips, or cautions to help public and entities responding to the pandemic in certain situations such as travel and workplace)