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. 2022 Mar 1;13(5):735–750. doi: 10.1007/s13239-022-00614-6

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Distributions of von Mises stress in all leaflet models in the final crimped state. A single leaflet is shown viewed from below the valve. A stress threshold of 1 MPa is set in all cases. Higher stresses are clearly shown in the bovine leaflet models and the crosses signify the locations of maximum stress.