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. 2022 Oct 28;12:455. doi: 10.1038/s41398-022-02224-1

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — A Upper part: Schematic of test area, consisting of an open field with an object and an animal zone (rest = neutral zone) with the dotted lines indicating the area in which an encounter is scored as exploration; and lower part: Design of the experimental session (3 phases: habituation, hab; animal/object exploration, AO; post phase). B Box plot showing the ratio of time animals spent exploring the animal compared to exploring the object. Two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons post-hoc test (*p < 0.05). Summary statistics for ANOVA results are displayed above the graphs. C, D Spectral density plots during exploration of the littermate or the object, respectively, for wildtype rats (N = 6) and E, F for Nrxn1α^−/− (N = 7). G, H Plots displaying the percentage difference of spectral power during animal or object exploration (normalized to the power during the habituation phase), respectively. I Difference plots between spectral changes during animal exploration shown in G and object exploration shown in H. Data displayed as mean + SEM and tested with paired or unpaired CBPT. Colored bars (red or blue: AO vs. hab; gray: post vs.hab; light red or light blue: AO vs. post; black: WT vs. Nrxn1α^−/−) above the graphs represent clusters with statistically significant differences.