. 2022 Oct 29;80:225. doi: 10.1186/s13690-022-00978-0

Table 7.

Direct, Indirect and total effects of variables associated with anxiety and PTSD while controlling the autoregressive and cross-lagged effects, among postpartum women in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Variable’s pathway	Type of mental health disorder at each follow up time
	T1 Anxiety			T2 Anxiety			T3 Anxiety
	Direct effect	Indirect effect	Total effect	Direct effect	Indirect effect	Total effect	Direct effect	Indirect effect	Total effect
	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)
Direct morbidity Yes	2.80(1.80, 3.80) ^a	No path	0.20(0.04) ^a	0.81(0.54,1.07) ^a	2.50(1.62, 3.38) ^a	3.31(2.39, 4.23) ^a	No path	2.61(1.88, 3.34) ^a	2.61(1.88, 3.34) ^a
Fear of childbirth Yes	0.05(0.04, 0.07) ^a	No path	0.21(0.03) ^a	No path	0.05(0.03, 0.06) ^a	0.05(0.03, 0.06) ^a	No path	0.04(0.03, 0.05) ^a	0.04(0.03, 0.05) ^a
Gravidity	1.21(0.35, 2.06) ^b	No path	0.21(0.07) ^b	No path	1.09 (0.34, 1.84) ^b	1.09 (0.34, 1.84) ^b	No path	0.87(0.28, 1.46) ^b	0.87(0.28, 1.46) ^b
Parity	-1.22(-2.08, -0.35) ^b	No path	-0.20(0.07) ^b	No path	-1.11 (-1.87, -0.34) ^b	-1.11 (-1.87, -0.34) ^b	No path	-0.89 (-1.49, -0.29) ^b	-0.89 (-1.49, -0.29) ^b
Social support	-0.72(-0.97, -0.48) ^a	No path	-0.22(0.04) ^a	No path	-0.63 (-0.84, -0.421) ^a	-0.63 (-0.84, -0.421) ^a	No path	-0.49 (-0.65, -0.32) ^a	-0.49 (-0.65, -0.32) ^a
Traumatic birth Yes	3.06(2.19, 3.93) ^a	No path	0.23(0.03) ^a	No path	2.74(1.97, 3.51) ^a	2.74(1.97, 3.51) ^a	No path	2.17(1.56, 2.77) ^a	2.17(1.56, 2.77) ^a
Indirect morbidity Yes	No path	0.14(0.38) ^a	0.14(0.38) ^a	No path	2.41 (1.72, 3.11) ^a	2.41 (1.72, 3.11) ^a	No path	1.90(1.36, 2.45) ^a	1.90(1.36, 2.45) ^a
T1 depression				0.06(0.02, 0.11) ^b	No path	0.06(0.02, 0.11) ^b	No path	0.09 (0.04, 0.14) ^b	0.09 (0.04, 0.14) ^b
T1 anxiety				0.82(0.77, 0.87) ^b	No path	0.82(0.77, 0.87) ^b	No path	0.61 (0.55, 0.66) ^a	0.61 (0.55, 0.66) ^a
Variable’s pathway	Type of mental health disorder at each follow up time
	T1 PTSD			T2 PTSD			T3 PTSD
	Direct effect	Indirect effect	Total effect	Direct effect	Indirect effect	Total effect	Direct effect	Indirect effect	Total effect
	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)
Direct morbidity Yes	4.74(2.87, 6.61) ^a	No path	4.74(2.87, 6.61) ^a	1.42(1.02, 1.81) ^a	4.22(2.60, 5.85) ^a	5.64(3.97, 7.31) ^a	No path	4.59 (3.25, 5.93) ^a	4.59 (3.25, 5.93) ^a
Fear of childbirth Yes	0.13(0.10, 0.17) ^a	No path	0.13(0.10, 0.17) ^a	No path	0.12(0.09, 0.14) ^a	0.12(0.09, 0.14) ^a	No path	0.09 (0.07, 0.11) ^a	0.09 (0.07, 0.11) ^a
Gravidity	2.45(0.85,4.04) ^a	No path	2.45(0.85,4.04) ^a	No path	2.15(0.76, 3.54) ^b	2.15(0.76, 3.54) ^b	No path	1.74 (0.64, 2.85) ^b	1.74 (0.64, 2.85) ^b
Parity	-2.57(-4.19, -0.96) ^b	No path	-2.57(-4.19, -0.96) ^b	No path	-2.25(-3.66, -0.85) ^b	-2.25(-3.66, -0.85) ^b	No path	-1.83 (-2.95, -0.72) ^b	-1.83 (-2.95, -0.72) ^b
Social support	-0.99(-0.14, -0.55) ^b	No path	-0.99(-0.14, -0.55) ^b	No path	-0.90(-1.29, -0.52) ^a	-0.90(-1.29, -0.52) ^a	No path	-0.73 (-1.04, -0.42) ^a	-0.73 (-1.04, -0.42) ^a
Traumatic birth Yes	7.45(5.82, 9.08) ^a	No path	7.45(5.82, 9.08) ^a	No path	6.46(5.04, 7.88) ^a	6.46(5.04, 7.88) ^a	No path	5.13(3.99, 6.27) ^a	5.13(3.99, 6.27) ^a
Indirect morbidity Yes	No path	3.46(2.07, 4.85) ^a	3.46(2.07, 4.85) ^a	No path	4.12(2.86, 5.37) ^a	4.12(2.86, 5.37) ^a	No path	3.35 (2.34, 4.36) ^a	3.35 (2.34, 4.36) ^a
T1 PTSD				0.81(0.79, 0.83) ^a	No path	0.81(0.79, 0.83) ^a	No path	0.60(0.57, 0.63) ^a	0.60(0.57, 0.63) ^a
T1 depression				0.13(0.09, 0.17) ^a	No path	0.13(0.09, 0.17) ^a	No path	0.09 (0.04, 0.14) ^b	0.09 (0.04, 0.14) ^b
T1 anxiety				No path	No path	No path	No path	0.12 (0.08, 0.15) ^a	0.12 (0.08, 0.15) ^a

^a p-value ≤ 0.001, ^b p-value < 0.01, β is unstandardized estimate