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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Psychol. 2022 Jun 30;58(10):1962–1973. doi: 10.1037/dev0001396

Table 4.

Predicted Means for Backward Digit Span in the PSID-CDS.

Age Mean SE LCI UCI

3 −0.90 .10 −1.11 −0.70
4 0.25 .07 0.11 0.38
5 1.26 .05 1.17 1.36
6 2.15 .04 2.07 2.24
7 2.93 .04 2.84 3.01
8 3.59 .04 3.50 3.68
9 4.16 .04 4.08 4.24
10 4.64 .04 4.56 4.72
11 5.04 .04 4.96 5.12
12 5.37 .04 5.28 5.46
13 5.64 .05 5.54 5.74
14 5.86 .05 5.76 5.96
15 6.04 .05 5.93 6.15
16 6.19 .06 6.07 6.31
17 6.32 .07 6.18 6.46
18 6.43 .10 6.23 6.64
19 6.55 .15 6.24 6.85

Note: Estimates were calculated by running a weighted multilevel model where age was a cubic function. Missing data were handled using multiple imputation.