Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the identified dystonia and control cohorts
| Diagnosis | N | Age | Gender | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | Standard deviation | Range | Male | Female | ||
| Dystonia | 1572 | 59 | 8.1 | 40–70 | 583 | 989 |
| Idiopathic familial dystonia | 3 | 66 | 3.5 | 62–68 | 1 | 2 |
| Idiopathic non-familial dystonia | 1 | 58 | – | – | 0 | 1 |
| Cervical dystonia | 775 | 55.8 | 8.1 | 40–70 | 283 | 492 |
| Idiopathic orofacial dystonia | 6 | 47.7 | 8.8 | 40–64 | 3 | 3 |
| Blepharospasm | 131 | 60.4 | 7.3 | 42–70 | 40 | 91 |
| Idiopathic torsion dystonia | 1 | 47 | – | – | 0 | 1 |
| Writer’s cramp | 4 | 53.8 | 2.5 | 51–57 | 1 | 3 |
| Myoclonic dystonia | 1 | 61 | – | – | 1 | 0 |
| Dystonia with tremor | 488 | 59.6 | 7.7 | 40–70 | 201 | 287 |
| Other dystonia | 8 | 54.9 | 5.9 | 47–65 | 2 | 6 |
| Dystonia unspecified | 154 | 57.5 | 8.1 | 41–70 | 51 | 103 |
| Control | 24,012 | 59 | 8.1 | 40–70 | 9123 | 14,889 |