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. 2022 Oct 17;9:997992. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.997992

TABLE 5.

Comparison of EpiSEP study with studies from emergency department on epidemiology and causes of infection, sepsis, and septic shock.

Source EpiSEP study
1 ED, Germany
ARISE–study
51 EDs, Australia, New Zealand, Finland, Hong Kong, Republic of Ireland (24)
ProMISE
56 EDs, England (25)
ProCESS-study
31 EDs, United States (26)
Epidemiology of emergency department sepsis
data from the National Health Informatics Project, Taiwan (27)
The impact of the Sepsis-3 definition on ICU admission of patients with infection
1 ED, Germany (28)






Infection
(n = 1,103)
Sepsis
(n = 133)
Septic
shock
(n = 42)
Septic
shock
EGDT
(n = 793)
Septic
shock
usual care
(n = 798)
Septic shock
EGDT
(n = 625)
Septic
shock
usual care
(n = 626)
Sepsis
protocol-based
EGDT
(n = 439)
Sepsis
protocol-based
standard-therapy
(n = 446)
Sepsis
usual care
(n = 456)
Sepsis
ED admitted
(n = 493,397)
Sepsis
non-ED-admitted
(n = 763,287)
Infection
(n = 916)
Respiratory tract 362 (32.8) 58 (43.6) 26 (61.9) 289 (36.5) 262 (32.8) 228 (36.5) 207 (33.1) 140 (31.9) 152 (34.1) 151 (33.1) 277,945 (56.3) 398,504 (52.2) (56.8)
Urogenital tract 193 (17.5) 36 (27.1) 6 (14.3) 148 (18.7) 160 (20.1) 108 (17.3) 117 (18.7) 100 (22.8) 90 (20.2) 94 (20.6) 193,060 (39.1) 234,313 (30.7) (24.6)
ENT/OMF 178 (16.1) 3 (2.3) 0 (0.0) n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.
Intraabdominal 146 (13.2) 16 (12.0) 4 (9.5) 63 (8.0) 61 (7.6) 40 (6.4) 51 (8.1) 69 (15.7) 57 (12.8) 51 (11.2) 32,082 (6.5) 41,052 (5.4) (7.5)
Soft tissue 120 (10.9) 5 (3.8) 1 (2.4) 90 (11.4) 76 (9.5) 39 (6.2) 39 (6.2) 25 (5.7) 33 (7.4) 38 (8.3) 34.058 (6.9) 28,931 (3.8) (5.6)
Unknown 55 (5.0) 11 (8.3) 4 (9.5) 52 (6.6) 72 (9.0) 76 (12.2) 77 (12.3) 57 (13.0) 47 (10.5) 66 (14.5) n.d. n.d. n.d.
Others 31 (2.8) 1 (0.8) 0 (0.0) 52 (6.6) 72 (9.0) 21 (3.4) 37 (5.9) 28 (6.4) 31 (7.0) 26 (5.7) n.d. n.d. (5.5)
Cerebral 12 (1.1) 2 (1.5) 1 (2.4) 13 (1.6) 6 (0.8) 12 (1.9) 9 (1.4) 3 (0.7) 3 (0.7) 4 (0.9) n.d. n.d. n.d.
Blood stream 6 (0.5) 1 (0.8) 0 (0.0) 75 (9.5) 86 (10.8) 97 (15.5) 86 (13.7) n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d.

ED, emergency department; ICU, intensive care unit; ENT, ear/nose/throat; OMF, oral maxillofacial; n.d., no data.