TABLE 2.

Minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation, and 95% confidence interval of the items of SACS calculated in the responses of the initial survey, and their intraclass correlation coefficient calculated among those who participated both in the initial and the second survey (N = 261).

		Min	Max	Meana	SD	95% CI		Test-retest reliability (N = 35)
								ICC	95 % CI		p
I. Coercion as offending subscale
3	Use of coercion can harm the therapeutic relationship	1.00	5.00	3.75	0.90	3.64	3.86	0.600	0.331	0.778	<0.001
4	Use of coercion is a declaration of failure on the part of the mental health services	1.00	5.00	2.20	0.87	2.09	2.30	0.439	0.123	0.673	0.004
8	Coercion violates the patients integrity	1.00	5.00	3.70	1.00	3.58	3.82	0.512	0.216	0.721	0.001
13	Too much coercion is used in treatment	1.00	5.00	2.44	0.90	2.33	2.55	0.370	0.042	0.625	0.014
14	Scarce resources lead to more use of coercion	1.00	5.00	3.42	1.04	3.29	3.54	0.464	0.168	0.686	0.001
15	Coercion could have been much reduced, giving more time and personal contact	1.00	5.00	3.46	0.98	3.34	3.58	0.371	0.043	0.626	0.014
	Mean	1.50	5.00	3.16	0.54	3.10	3.23	0.563	0.293	0.751	<0.001
II. Coercion as care and security subscale
1	Use of coercion is necessary as protection in dangerous situations	1.00	5.00	4.02	0.69	3.93	4.10	0.666	0.435	0.815	<0.001
2	For security reasons coercion must sometimes be used	1.00	5.00	4.05	0.68	3.96	4.13	0.735	0.534	0.857	<0.001
5	Coercion may represent care and protection	1.00	5.00	3.57	0.88	3.47	3.68	0.625	0.376	0.790	<0.001
7	Coercion may prevent the development of a dangerous situation	1.00	5.00	3.67	0.84	3.56	3.77	0.599	0.334	0.776	<0.001
9	For severely ill patients coercion may represent safety	1.00	5.00	3.62	0.89	3.51	3.73	0.550	0.273	0.744	<0.001
11	Use of coercion is necessary toward dangerous and aggressive patients	1.00	5.00	3.44	0.91	3.33	3.56	0.572	0.301	0.758	<0.001
	Mean	1.00	5.00	3.73	0.58	3.66	3.80	0.832	0.691	0.912	<0.001
III Coercion as treatment subscale
6	More coercion should be used in treatment	1.00	5.00	2.07	0.87	1.96	2.18	0.275	−0.068	0.557	0.056
10	Patients without insight require use of coercion	1.00	5.00	2.42	0.96	2.30	2.54	0.642	0.401	0.801	<0.001
12	Regressive patients require use of coercion	1.00	5.00	2.29	0.83	2.19	2.39	0.615	0.364	0.784	<0.001
	Mean	1.00	5.00	2.26	0.71	2.17	2.35	0.646	0.407	0.803	<0.001
Total of the 15 itemsb		1.80	4.47	3.08	0.43	3.03	3.13	0.738	0.540	0.859	<0.001

^aScore range: 1 (disagree strongly) to 5 (agree strongly). ^bScores in the subscale I were reversed. The bold values are the summary scores of each subscale.