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. 2022 Oct 26;22:491–517. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.016

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6

Fusion of bacterial outer membranes/tumor cell membrane-based nanovaccines for immunotherapy. (A) The fabrication of eukaryotic-prokaryotic vesicle-coated PI@EPV nanovaccines. (B) Fusion membrane vesicle endocytosis by DC2.4 murine dendritic cells (C) Tumor growth curves in a melanoma breast cancer model after immunization with the nanovaccine. (D) Percentage of tumor-free mice after tumor challenge. (E–F) The proportions of splenic lymphocytes expressing different T cells after immunization. Copyright © 2020, WILEY–VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim [125].