Figure 2.

Effect of lactation on glucose production and FFA turnover. Data are mean ± SD and demonstrate the response of (A) endogenous glucose production (EGP) and (B) the rate of appearance of nonesterified fatty acid (RaFFA) during baseline (fasting state before exogenous insulin) and during the clamp with a low insulin infusion rate (10 mU/m²/min) for lactating (n = 18) and formula-feeding (n = 10) women. Measurements in the fasting state are the average for each postpartum woman using measurements from 95, 105, 115 min (before insulin) and from 215, 225, 235 min (end of insulin exposure at this rate). Interactions between feeding group (lactating vs. formula feeding) and exogenous insulin (insulin infusion rate of 0 or 10) were assessed with repeated-measures ANOVA. Statistical analyses are shown below each respective figure panel.