TABLE 2.

Correlations among study variables, controlling for participant age and gender

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17
1. Hours speaking English (child)	—
2. Hours speaking Spanish (child)	−.49	—
3. Parent 1 education	.29	−.24	—
4. Parent 2 education	.14	−.10	.59	—
5. Household income	.03	−.09	.48	.64	—
6. Subjective SES—Community	−.04	.02	.10	.36	.27	—
7. Subjective SES—National	.12	−.17	.52	.61	.50	.58	—
8. English semantic knowledge	.23	−.13	.29	.30	.18	.19	.27	—
9. English morphosyntax knowledge	.20	−.33	.26	.19	.25	.33	.40	.61	—
10. Spanish semantic knowledge	−.13	.16	.22	.32	.19	−.00	.08	.29	.16	—
11. Spanish morphosyntax knowledge	−.18	.33	.11	.25	.21	.10	.12	.20	.18	.66	—
12. English phonological awareness	.18	−.10	.29	.26	.16	.22	.20	.58	.59	.16	.11	—
13. English word reading	.11	−.08	.26	.27	.18	.24	.26	.68	.49	.31	.27	.63	—
14. English reading comprehension	.20	−.13	.28	.32	.18	.21	.22	.72	.59	.38	.28	.70	.80	—
15. Spanish phonological awareness	.01	.01	.29	.36	.16	.17	.10	.47	.42	.51	.50	.62	.67	.67	—
16. Spanish word reading	−.08	.09	.26	.30	.11	.09	.11	.43	.23	.52	.52	.43	.71	.55	.73	—
17. Spanish reading comprehension	−.14	.17	.19	.30	.15	.10	.07	.46	.29	.68	.66	.42	.69	.63	.74	.83	—

Note: Significant two-tailed partial correlations (controlling for age and gender) are in boldface. Correlations >.40 are at the p < .001 level; correlations equal to and in between .29 and .39 are at the p < .01 level; and correlations equal to and under .29 are at the p < .05 level.

Abbreviation: SES, socioeconomic status.