Table 3.
Characteristics of participants by SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and country, 2021 (N=719)
| Characteristics | Univariate | Multivariate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | |
| Country | ||||||
| Côte d'Ivoire | Reference | – | – | Reference | – | – |
| Burkina Faso | 3.6 | 2.4 to 5.4 | <0.001 | 3.6 | 2.4 to 5.6 | <0.001 |
| South Africa | 3.4 | 2.3 to 5.2 | <0.001 | 2.9 | 1.7 to 4.8 | <0.001 |
| Age group (years) | ||||||
| 16–29 | Reference | – | – | Reference | – | – |
| 30–39 | 1.3 | 0.8 to 2.0 | 0.3 | 1.6 | 0.9 to 2.8 | 0.1 |
| 40–49 | 1.3 | 0.8 to 2.1 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 0.7 to 2.3 | 0.5 |
| 50–59 | 1.9 | 1.1 to 3.1 | 0.02 | 1.7 | 0.9 to 3.2 | 0.1 |
| ≥60 | 1.1 | 0.3 to 3.6 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.2 to 2.4 | 0.6 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | Reference | – | – | Reference | – | – |
| Female | 2.1 | 1.5 to 2.9 | <0.001 | 1.9 | 1.3 to 2.8 | <0.001 |
| SARS-CoV-2 occupational riska | ||||||
| Low | Reference | – | – | – | – | – |
| Moderate | 0.7 | 0.5 to 1.0 | 0.08 | – | – | – |
| High | 0.9 | 0.6 to 1.5 | 0.7 | – | – | – |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| No/unknown | Reference | – | – | Reference | – | – |
| Yes | 1.5 | 1.0 to 2.1 | 0.03 | 1.3 | 0.9 to 1.9 | 0.2 |
| Profession | ||||||
| Physician | Reference | – | – | Reference | – | – |
| Nurse, assisted nurse, midwife | 1.7 | 1.1 to 2.7 | 0.01 | 1.9 | 1.1 to 3.3 | 0.015 |
| Medical resident | 1.2 | 0.6 to 2.3 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 0.8 to 3.8 | 0.2 |
| Other allied health professional | 2.0 | 1.0 to 4.1 | 0.04 | 3.1 | 1.4 to 6.7 | 0.007 |
| Other non-caregiver personnel | 2.0 | 1.1 to 3.8 | 0.02 | 2.9 | 1.4 to 5.9 | 0.004 |
| Administration | 2.0 | 1.1 to 3.9 | 0.03 | 3.1 | 1.4 to 6.6 | 0.004 |
| Reported close contact (<1 m) with a COVID-19 patient inside the hospital | ||||||
| No | Reference | – | – | |||
| Yes | 1.1 | 0.8 to 1.6 | 0.5 | 1.4 | 0.9 to 2.2 | 0.2 |
| Unknown | 1.3 | 0.8 to 2.1 | 0.3 | 1.8 | 1.0 to 3.2 | 0.07 |
| Reported close contact with a confirmed COVID-19 case outside of the hospital in the last 14 d | ||||||
| No | Reference | – | – | Reference | – | – |
| Yes | 2.0 | 1.1 to 3.7 | 0.02 | 1.6 | 0.8 to 3.2 | 0.2 |
| Unknown | 1.0 | 0.6.1.5 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 0.6 to 1.9 | 0.7 |
| Present for aerosol-generating procedures with COVID-19 patients | ||||||
| No | Reference | – | – | Reference | – | – |
| Yes | 1.2 | 0.8 to 1.9 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 0.8 to 2.7 | 0.2 |
| Unknown | 1.9 | 1.0 to 3.9 | 0.06 | 1.9 | 0.8 to 4.3 | 0.1 |
| Reported contact with a COVID-19 patient's materials | ||||||
| No | Reference | – | – | Reference | – | – |
| Yes | 1.2 | 0.8 to 1.8 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.5 to 1.6 | 0.8 |
| Unknown | 1.2 | 0.7 to 2.1 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 0.7 to 2.8 | 0.4 |
| Reported contact with a COVID-19 patient's body fluid | ||||||
| No | Reference | – | – | Reference | – | – |
| Yes | 1.6 | 1.1 to 2.5 | 0.03 | 1.4 | 0.8 to 2.4 | 0.3 |
| Unknown | 0.7 | 0.3 to 1.2 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.2 to 1.0 | 0.07 |
aSARS-CoV-2 occupational risk not included in the final multivariate model due to collinearity.